GPT-5.4 Pro (Xhigh) vs. DeepSeek R1 0528 (May '25)

Name: Intelligence
Creator: Artificial Analysis
License: https://artificialanalysis.ai/docs/legal/Terms-of-Use.pdf

Comparison between GPT-5.4 Pro (Xhigh) and DeepSeek R1 0528 (May '25) across intelligence, price, speed, context window and more.

For details relating to our methodology, see our Methodology page.

	OpenAI	DeepSeek
Intelligence
Intelligence Index		13*
Humanity's Last Exam		16%
CritPt	30%	1%
AA-Omniscience		−27
AA-LCR v1.1		56%
Cost
Price per 1M Tokens	$45.00	$1.515
Input Price per 1M Tokens	$30.00	$1.35
Output Price per 1M Tokens	$180.00	$3.00
Cache Hit Price per 1M Tokens		$1.35
Token Use
Performance
Technical specifications
Context Window	1050k tokens~1,575 A4 pages of size 12 Arial font	128k tokens~192 A4 pages of size 12 Arial font
Release Date	March 2026	May 2025
Knowledge Cutoff	August 2025
Total parameters		685B
Active parameters		37B
Reasoning	Yes	Yes
Input modality	Supports: text and image	Supports: text
Output modality	Supports: text	Supports: text
Open Source (Weights)	No	Yes
License		MIT
License Supports Commercial Use Without Restrictions		Yes

* Estimated

Intelligence

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index · Higher is better

Speed

Output tokens per second · Higher is better

No data available

Cost per Task

Weighted average cost (USD) per Intelligence Index task · Lower is better

No data available

Intelligence

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index v4.3.2 incorporates 10 evaluations: AA-Briefcase v1.1, GDPval-AA v2.1, AutomationBench-AA, Terminal-Bench 4.0, SciCode, Humanity's Last Exam, GDP.pdf, CritPt, AA-Omniscience, AA-LCR v1.1

Not publicly available

Estimate (independent evaluation forthcoming)

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index v4.3.2 includes: AA-Briefcase v1.1, GDPval-AA v2.1, AutomationBench-AA, Terminal-Bench 4.0, SciCode, Humanity's Last Exam, GDP.pdf, CritPt, AA-Omniscience, AA-LCR v1.1. See Intelligence Index methodology for further details, including a breakdown of each evaluation and how we run them.

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index by Open Weights / Proprietary

Not publicly available

Estimate (independent evaluation forthcoming)

Indicates whether the model weights are available. Models are labelled as 'Commercial Use Restricted' if commercial use is limited by conditions, and as 'Non-commercial' if the license prohibits commercial use.

Benchmarks

Intelligence Evaluations

Intelligence evaluations measured independently by Artificial Analysis · Higher is better

Not publicly available

AA-Briefcase v1.1Updated

Agentic knowledge work, (Elo-500)/2000

GDPval-AA v2.1Updated

Agentic real-world work tasks, (Elo-500)/2000

AutomationBench-AA

Agentic SaaS workflows

Terminal-Bench 4.0

Agentic coding & terminal use

SciCodeUnder review

Coding

Humanity's Last Exam

Reasoning & knowledge

GDP.pdf

Professional document reasoning, All-pass

CritPtUnder review

Physics reasoning

AA-Omniscience Accuracy

Knowledge

AA-Omniscience Non-Hallucination Rate

1 - hallucination rate

AA-LCR v1.1

Long context reasoning

Harvey LAB-AA v1.1Updated

Legal agentic work, Hallucination-Gated All-Pass Rate

EnterpriseOps-Gym-AA

Agentic business operations

Terminal-Bench-Science 0.1New

Agentic scientific research workflows in a terminal

AA-AnalystAgent

Quantitative analysis on spreadsheets & documents

ITBench-AA

Kubernetes incident root-cause analysis

MMMU-Pro

Visual reasoning

MLCR-AA

Medical long context reasoning

While model intelligence generally translates across use cases, specific evaluations may be more relevant for certain use cases.

AA-Omniscience

AA-Omniscience Index

AA-Omniscience Index (higher is better) measures knowledge reliability and hallucination. It rewards correct answers, penalizes hallucinations, and has no penalty for refusing to answer. Scores range from -100 to 100, where 0 means as many correct as incorrect answers, and negative scores mean more incorrect than correct.

Not publicly available

Openness Index

Artificial Analysis Openness Index: Score

Openness Index assesses model openness on a 0 to 100 normalized scale (higher is more open)

Intelligence Index Comparisons

Intelligence Index vs. Cost per Intelligence Index Task

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index · Weighted average cost (USD) per Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index task

Most attractive quadrant

Pareto line

AA-Briefcase v1.1

GDPval-AA v2.1

Cost per Task (USD, Log Scale)

Weighted average cost per Intelligence Index task. Each evaluation’s cost is calculated from input, cache hit, cache write, reasoning, and answer token prices, divided by task count, and weighted by its Intelligence Index weight.

Cost

Cost per Intelligence Index Task

Weighted average cost (USD) per Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index task, segmented by token type. Lower is better

Not publicly available

Cost to Run Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index

Cost (USD) to run all evaluations in the Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index

Not publicly available

The cost to run the evaluations in the Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index, calculated using the model's input, cache hit, cache write, reasoning, and answer token prices and the number of tokens used across evaluations (excluding repeats).

Pricing: Cache Hit, Input, and Output

Price (USD per M Tokens)

Not publicly available

Price per token for cached prompts (previously processed), typically offering a significant discount compared to regular input price, represented as USD per million tokens. The values shown here are the cache hit price; cache write and cache storage are billed separately and vary by provider — see "Cache pricing by provider" for detail.

Context Window

Context window: tokens limit · Higher is better

Not publicly available

Larger context windows are relevant to RAG (Retrieval Augmented Generation) LLM workflows which typically involve reasoning and information retrieval of large amounts of data.

Maximum number of combined input & output tokens. Output tokens commonly have a significantly lower limit (varied by model).

Model Size (Open Weights Models Only)

Model Size: Total and Active Parameters

Comparison between total model parameters and parameters active during inference (billions)

The total number of trainable weights and biases in the model, expressed in billions. These parameters are learned during training and determine the model's ability to process and generate responses.

The number of parameters actually executed during each inference forward pass, expressed in billions. For Mixture of Experts (MoE) models, a routing mechanism selects a subset of experts per token, resulting in fewer active than total parameters. Dense models use all parameters, so active equals total.

Frequently Asked Questions

DeepSeek R1 0528 (May '25) is cheaper. DeepSeek R1 0528 (May '25) costs $1.52 per 1M tokens, compared with GPT-5.4 Pro (Xhigh) at $45.00 per 1M tokens (7:2:1 cache hit/input/output ratio).

GPT-5.4 Pro (Xhigh) has a larger context window. GPT-5.4 Pro (Xhigh) supports 1.1M tokens, compared with DeepSeek R1 0528 (May '25) at 130k tokens.

GPT-5.4 Pro (Xhigh) vs. DeepSeek R1 0528 (May '25)

Intelligence

Speed

Cost per Task

Intelligence

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index by Open Weights / Proprietary

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index

Open Weights

Benchmarks

Intelligence Evaluations

Intelligence Evaluation Relevance

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index

AA-Omniscience

AA-Omniscience Index

AA-Omniscience Index

Openness Index

Artificial Analysis Openness Index: Score

Intelligence Index Comparisons

Intelligence Index vs. Cost per Intelligence Index Task

Cost per Intelligence Index Task

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index

Cost

Cost per Intelligence Index Task

Cost per Intelligence Index Task

Cost to Run Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index

Cost to Run Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index

Pricing: Cache Hit, Input, and Output

Cache Hit

Context Window

Context Window

Context Window for RAG

Context Window

Model Size (Open Weights Models Only)

Model Size: Total and Active Parameters

Total Parameters

Active Parameters at Inference Time

Frequently Asked Questions

Which is cheaper, GPT-5.4 Pro (Xhigh) or DeepSeek R1 0528 (May '25)?

Which has a larger context window, GPT-5.4 Pro (Xhigh) or DeepSeek R1 0528 (May '25)?