The user wants a map of the major waterways of England using SVG. I should create an HTML page with an SVG map showing England's major rivers and canals. Major waterways of England include: - River Thames (London, flows through southern England) - River Severn (longest river in UK, flows from Wales through Shrewsbury, Worcester, Gloucester to Bristol Channel) - River Trent (Stoke-on-Trent, Nottingham, flows north to join Humber) - River Great Ouse (East Anglia, through Bedford, Cambridge area to The Wash) - River Wye (border with Wales) - River Mersey (Liverpool) - River Tyne (Newcastle) - River Tees (Middlesbrough) - River Wear (Durham/Sunderland) - River Humber (estuary, Hull) - River Aire (Leeds) - River Ouse (Yorkshire, through York) - River Avon (Bristol - through Bristol, Bath) - River Exe (Exeter) - River Dart (Dartmouth) - River Tamar (Plymouth, border Cornwall/Devon) - River Eden (Carlisle) - River Ribble (Preston) - River Dee (Chester) - River Nene (Northampton, to The Wash) - River Witham (Lincoln, Boston) - River Stour (various) - River Medway (Kent) - River Itchen/Test (Southampton) Canals: - Grand Union Canal (London to Birmingham) - Leeds & Liverpool Canal - Manchester Ship Canal - Kennet & Avon Canal I need to draw an outline of England and then draw the rivers. Let me think about the geography coordinates. Let me set up a coordinate system. I'll use a viewBox of something like 0 0 800 1000, where England stretches roughly: - North: Scottish border (~55.8°N at Berwick) - South: ~50°N (Isle of Wight, but mainland ~50.7) - West: Cornwall ~-5.7°W - East: ~1.7°E (Kent/Norfolk) England's shape - I need to draw a recognizable outline. Let me approximate: Key coastal points (lon, lat): - Berwick-upon-Tweed: (-2.0, 55.77) - Newcastle area coast: (-1.4, 55.0) - Sunderland: (-1.38, 54.9) - Teesside: (-1.15, 54.63) - Whitby: (-0.6, 54.48) - Humber mouth: (0.1, 53.6) — Spurn Point (0.15, 53.58) - The Wash (north): (-0.2, 53.2)... Skegness (0.34, 53.15) - The Wash south: King's Lynn (0.39, 52.75) - Norfolk coast: Great Yarmouth (1.73, 52.6) - Lowestoft: (1.75, 52.48) - Felixstowe: (1.31, 51.95) - Thames estuary north: (1.0, 51.8)... Clacton (1.15, 51.79) - North Foreland (Kent): (1.44, 51.37) - Dover: (1.32, 51.13) - Dungeness: (0.98, 50.91) - Beachy Head: (0.24, 50.74) - Selsey Bill: (-0.79, 50.72) - Portsmouth: (-1.1, 50.79) - Isle of Wight (skip or draw): (-1.3, 50.67) - Bournemouth: (-1.88, 50.72) - Portland Bill: (-2.46, 50.51) - Lyme Regis: (-2.94, 50.72) - Exmouth: (-3.4, 50.62) - Torquay: (-3.52, 50.46) - Dartmouth: (-3.58, 50.35) - Start Point: (-3.64, 50.22) - Plymouth: (-4.14, 50.37) - Looe: (-4.45, 50.35) - Fowey: (-4.64, 50.33) - Lizard Point: (-5.2, 49.96) - Penzance/Mount's Bay: (-5.55, 50.12) - Land's End: (-5.72, 50.07) - St Ives: (-5.48, 50.21) - Newquay: (-5.08, 50.42) - Bude: (-4.55, 50.83) - Hartland Point: (-4.53, 51.02) - Ilfracombe: (-4.12, 51.21) - Minehead: (-3.47, 51.21) - Weston-super-Mare: (-2.98, 51.35) - Avonmouth/Bristol Channel: (-2.72, 51.5) - Cardiff side (skip - Wales) - South Wales border... The Welsh border on land: - Chepstow: (-2.67, 51.64) - Monmouth: (-2.71, 51.81) - Hay-on-Wye: (-3.13, 52.07) - Knighton: (-3.05, 52.35) - Welshpool: (-3.15, 52.66) - Oswestry area: (-3.05, 52.86) - Wrexham: (-2.99, 53.05) - Chester: (-2.89, 53.19) - Dee estuary: (-3.1, 53.3) - Wirral/Liverpool: (-3.05, 53.4)... Mersey mouth (-3.02, 53.45) - Southport: (-3.01, 53.65) - Blackpool: (-3.05, 53.81) - Morecambe Bay: (-2.88, 54.07)... Fleetwood (-3.02, 53.92) - Barrow: (-3.23, 54.11) - Millom: (-3.27, 54.21) - Whitehaven: (-3.59, 54.55) - Workington: (-3.55, 54.65) - Maryport: (-3.5, 54.71) - Silloth: (-3.38, 54.87) - Solway Firth: (-3.15, 54.9)... border at (-3.05, 55.0) Gretna (55.0) - Scottish border: Gretna (-3.06, 54.99), then east along border: (-2.9, 55.05), (-2.6, 55.2), (-2.5, 55.3), (-2.3, 55.5), (-2.2, 55.65), Berwick (-2.0, 55.77) For the map, let me convert lon/lat to SVG coordinates. Use a simple projection: x = (lon - lonMin) * scaleX y = (latMax - lat) * scaleY Let's use lonMin = -6.0, latMax = 56.0. Scale: to fit 800x1000 roughly. England spans lon -5.72 to 1.75 (7.47 degrees), lat 49.96 to 55.77 (5.81 degrees). Aspect ratio: at latitude ~52.5, 1 degree lon ≈ 68 km, 1 degree lat ≈ 111 km. So real aspect: width = 7.47*68 = 508 km, height = 5.81*111 = 645 km. Ratio height/width ≈ 1.27. Let me use scale: x = (lon + 6.0) * 100, y = (56.0 - lat) * 127. That gives width up to 7.75*100 = 775, height up to 6.04*127 = 767. Hmm, let me compute: with lat range to 49.96, y max = (56-49.96)*127 = 767. So viewBox 0 0 800 800 roughly. Add margins. Let me instead center: viewBox="-20 -20 840 840" or similar. Actually, let me compute coordinates for each point using x = (lon + 6.0)*100, y = (56.0 - lat)*127. Coastline points (lon, lat) -> (x, y): - Berwick: (-2.0, 55.77) -> x=400, y=(56-55.77)*127=0.23*127=29.2 -> (400, 29) - Border along: I'll draw the Scottish border as a polyline from Berwick westward to Gretna. - Berwick (400, 29) - (-2.2, 55.65) -> x=380, y=44.5 -> (380, 45) - (-2.35, 55.55) -> x=365, y=57 -> (365, 57) - (-2.55, 55.3) -> x=345, y=89 -> (345, 89) - (-2.7, 55.15) -> x=330, y=108 -> (330, 108) - (-2.9, 55.05) -> x=310, y=121 -> (310, 121) - Gretna (-3.06, 54.99) -> x=294, y=128 -> (294, 128) - Then down the west coast: - Solway: (-3.3, 54.9) -> x=270, y=140 -> (270, 140) - Silloth (-3.38, 54.87) -> (262, 144) - Maryport (-3.5, 54.71) -> (250, 164) - Workington (-3.55, 54.65) -> (245, 172) - Whitehaven (-3.59, 54.55) -> (241, 184) - (-3.4, 54.3) -> (260, 216) — St Bees Head area - Millom (-3.27, 54.21) -> (273, 230) - Barrow (-3.23, 54.11) -> (277, 242) - Morecambe Bay south: (-2.9, 54.0) -> (310, 254) - Fleetwood (-3.02, 53.92) -> (298, 264) - Blackpool (-3.05, 53.81) -> (295, 278) - Southport (-3.01, 53.65) -> (299, 298) - Mersey mouth/Liverpool (-3.02, 53.45) -> (298, 324) - Dee estuary/Wirral west (-3.15, 53.33) -> (285, 339) - Chester area land border: (-2.89, 53.19) -> (311, 357) — border with Wales starts - Welsh border (land) southward: - Wrexham (-2.99, 53.05) -> (301, 375) - Oswestry (-3.05, 52.86) -> (295, 399) - Welshpool (-3.15, 52.66) -> (285, 424) - Knighton (-3.05, 52.35) -> (295, 464) - Hay (-3.13, 52.07) -> (287, 499) - Monmouth (-2.71, 51.81) -> (329, 533) - Chepstow (-2.67, 51.64) -> (333, 554) - Bristol Channel / south coast eastward: - Avonmouth (-2.72, 51.5) -> (328, 572) - Weston (-2.98, 51.35) -> (302, 591) - Burnham (-3.0, 51.24) -> (300, 605) - Minehead (-3.47, 51.21) -> (253, 609) - Ilfracombe (-4.12, 51.21) -> (188, 609) - Hartland Point (-4.53, 51.02) -> (147, 633) - Bude (-4.55, 50.83) -> (145, 657) - Newquay (-5.08, 50.42) -> (92, 709) - St Ives (-5.48, 50.21) -> (52, 736) - Land's End (-5.72, 50.07) -> (28, 753) - Penzance (-5.55, 50.12) -> (45, 747) - Lizard Point (-5.2, 49.96) -> (80, 768) - Falmouth (-5.07, 50.15) -> (93, 744) - Fowey (-4.64, 50.33) -> (136, 721) - Looe (-4.45, 50.35) -> (155, 718) - Plymouth (-4.14, 50.37) -> (186, 716) - Start Point (-3.64, 50.22) -> (236, 735) - Dartmouth (-3.58, 50.35) -> (242, 718) - Torquay (-3.52, 50.46) -> (248, 704) - Exmouth (-3.4, 50.62) -> (260, 684) - Lyme Regis (-2.94, 50.72) -> (306, 672) - Portland Bill (-2.46, 50.51) -> (354, 698) - Weymouth (-2.48, 50.61) -> (352, 686) - Lulworth area (-2.25, 50.62) -> (375, 684) - Swanage (-1.95, 50.61) -> (405, 685) - Bournemouth (-1.88, 50.72) -> (412, 672) - Christchurch (-1.78, 50.73) -> (422, 670) - Solent: Portsmouth (-1.1, 50.79) -> (490, 663) - Selsey Bill (-0.79, 50.72) -> (521, 672) - Beachy Head (0.24, 50.74) -> (624, 669) - Hastings (0.59, 50.86) -> (659, 654) - Dungeness (0.98, 50.91) -> (698, 648) - Folkestone (1.17, 51.08) -> (717, 626) - Dover (1.32, 51.13) -> (732, 620) - Deal (1.4, 51.22) -> (740, 609) - Ramsgate/North Foreland (1.44, 51.37) -> (744, 590) - Margate (1.38, 51.39) -> (738, 587) - Thames estuary: (1.2, 51.5) -> (720, 573) - Clacton (1.15, 51.79) -> (715, 536) - Felixstowe (1.31, 51.95) -> (731, 515) - Aldeburgh (1.6, 52.15) -> (760, 490) - Southwold (1.68, 52.33) -> (768, 467) - Lowestoft (1.75, 52.48) -> (775, 448) - Great Yarmouth (1.73, 52.6) -> (773, 433) - Cromer (1.3, 52.93) -> (730, 391) - Sheringham... (1.2, 52.95) -> (720, 388) - Hunstanton (0.49, 52.95) -> (649, 388) - The Wash south: King's Lynn (0.39, 52.75) -> (639, 413) - Wash north: Skegness (0.34, 53.15) -> (634, 363) - Gibraltar Point... Mablethorpe (0.27, 53.35) -> (627, 337) - Grimsby (0.0?, 53.57) -> wait, Humber mouth: Spurn Point (0.15, 53.58) -> (615, 308)... Cleethorpes/Grimsby (-0.05, 53.56) -> (595, 310) - Humber estuary inward: Immingham... then the estuary narrows. Coast continues north: - Actually Spurn Point is the tip. North of Humber: Withernsea (0.03, 53.72) -> (603, 290) - Bridlington (-0.19, 54.08) -> (581, 244) - Flamborough Head (-0.08, 54.12) -> (592, 239) - Scarborough (-0.4, 54.28) -> (560, 219) - Whitby (-0.6, 54.48) -> (540, 193) - Tees mouth (-1.15, 54.63) -> (485, 174) - Hartlepool (-1.2, 54.69) -> (480, 167) - Sunderland (-1.38, 54.9) -> (462, 138) - Tyne mouth/South Shields (-1.4, 55.0) -> (460, 127) - Blyth (-1.5, 55.12) -> (450, 112) - Amble (-1.58, 55.33) -> (442, 85) - Alnmouth... (-1.6, 55.38) -> (440, 79) - Seahouses (-1.65, 55.58) -> (435, 53) - Bamburgh (-1.72, 55.6) -> (428, 51) - Holy Island area (-1.8, 55.68) -> (420, 41) - Berwick (-2.0, 55.77) -> (400, 29) OK that's a good coastline. Now rivers. Key rivers with approximate paths (source -> mouth): 1. **River Thames**: Source near Kemble (Cotswolds) ~(-2.08, 51.67) -> flows through Oxford (-1.26, 51.75), Reading (-0.97, 51.45), Windsor (-0.6, 51.48), London (-0.1, 51.5), to estuary (0.7, 51.5). Points: - Source (-2.08, 51.67) -> (392, 551) - Oxford (-1.26, 51.75) -> (474, 540) - Reading (-0.97, 51.45) -> (503, 578) - (-0.6, 51.48) -> (540, 574) Windsor - (-0.31, 51.44) -> (569, 579) Kingston - London (-0.13, 51.5) -> (587, 572) - (0.3, 51.5) -> (630, 572) - Estuary mouth (0.7, 51.48) -> (670, 574) 2. **River Severn**: Source in Wales (Plynlimon) (-3.79, 52.47) — flows into England at Shrewsbury (-2.75, 52.71), Worcester (-2.22, 52.19), Gloucester (-2.24, 51.86), to Bristol Channel at Avonmouth area (-2.99, 51.6)... Actually Severn Estuary. Mouth around (-3.0, 51.55) merging with Bristol Channel. Let me route: - (-3.6, 52.5) in Wales — actually to keep within England mostly, draw from border near Welshpool: (-3.0, 52.6) - Shrewsbury (-2.75, 52.71) -> (325, 418) - Ironbridge (-2.48, 52.63) -> (352, 428) - Bewdley (-2.32, 52.38) -> (368, 460) - Worcester (-2.22, 52.19) -> (378, 484) - Tewkesbury (-2.16, 51.99) -> (384, 509) - Gloucester (-2.24, 51.86) -> (376, 526) - (-2.5, 51.7) -> (350, 548) - Berkeley (-2.45, 51.69)... then estuary: (-2.65, 51.6) -> (335, 561) - Mouth into Bristol Channel (-2.9, 51.57) -> (310, 565) 3. **River Trent**: Source Staffordshire (-2.15, 53.05), flows Stoke (-2.18, 53.02), through Burton (-1.63, 52.8), Nottingham (-1.15, 52.95), Newark (-0.81, 53.08), to Humber at (-0.7, 53.7)... Trent Falls where it meets Ouse to form Humber: (-0.69, 53.7). - Source (-2.15, 53.05) -> (385, 376) - (-2.0, 52.9) -> (400, 395) Rugeley - Burton (-1.63, 52.8) -> (437, 408) - (-1.25, 52.85) -> (475, 401) - Nottingham (-1.15, 52.95) -> (485, 389) - Newark (-0.81, 53.08) -> (519, 372) - Gainsborough (-0.77, 53.4) -> (523, 332) - Trent Falls (-0.69, 53.7) -> (531, 294) 4. **Humber estuary**: from Trent Falls (-0.69, 53.7) east through Hull (-0.33, 53.74) to Spurn (0.15, 53.58). - (531, 294) -> Hull (567, 289) -> (615, 308)... wait Spurn at (0.15, 53.58) -> x=615, y=(56-53.58)*127=307.5. So the estuary goes east and slightly southeast. Draw as a wide river/estuary. 5. **River Ouse (Yorkshire)**: formed at York... flows from York (-1.08, 53.96) southeast through Selby (-1.07, 53.78) to Trent Falls (-0.69, 53.7). Tributary: River Aire from Leeds (-1.55, 53.8) through Castleford joining near Goole. River Wharfe joins. Ure/Swale from north: York Ouse comes from the north via Boroughbridge (-1.4, 54.09). - Swale/Ure: (-1.4, 54.1) -> (460, 242) - York (-1.08, 53.96) -> (492, 260) - Selby (-1.07, 53.78) -> (493, 283) - Goole (-0.88, 53.7) -> (512, 294) - Trent Falls (531, 294) - Aire: Leeds (-1.55, 53.8) -> (445, 279), Castleford (-1.36, 53.72) -> (464, 289), joins at (-0.9, 53.72) -> (510, 292) 6. **River Great Ouse**: Source near Brackley (-1.05, 52.05)?, flows through Buckingham, Bedford (-0.47, 52.14), St Neots, Huntingdon, Ely (-0.26, 52.4)... then to King's Lynn (0.39, 52.75) into The Wash. - Source (-1.15, 52.1) -> (485, 496) - Bedford (-0.47, 52.14) -> (553, 491) - St Neots (-0.27, 52.23) -> (573, 480) - Huntingdon (-0.18, 52.33) -> (582, 467) - (-0.05, 52.42) -> (595, 456)... Earith - Ely (0.26, 52.4) -> (626, 458)... hmm Ely lon 0.26 -> x=626 - Downham Market (0.38, 52.6) -> (638, 433) - King's Lynn (0.39, 52.75) -> (639, 414) 7. **River Nene**: Source Northamptonshire (-1.0, 52.2), through Northampton (-0.9, 52.24), Wellingborough, Peterborough (-0.24, 52.57), Wisbech (0.16, 52.66), to The Wash (0.2, 52.85). - (-1.0, 52.2) -> (500, 484) - (-0.75, 52.3) -> (525, 471) - Peterborough (-0.24, 52.57) -> (576, 437) - Wisbech (0.16, 52.66) -> (616, 425) - (0.25, 52.9) -> (625, 378) Wash 8. **River Witham**: Lincoln (-0.54, 53.23) to Boston (0.02, 52.97) into Wash. - Lincoln (-0.54, 53.23) -> (546, 349) - (-0.2, 53.1) -> (580, 366)... Bardney - Boston (-0.02, 52.97) -> (598, 384) - Wash mouth (0.1, 52.9) -> (610, 393) 9. **River Tyne**: formed by North Tyne and South Tyne, flows through Newcastle (-1.61, 54.97) to mouth (-1.4, 55.0). - Hexham (-2.1, 54.97) -> (390, 131) - Newcastle (-1.61, 54.97) -> (439, 131) - Mouth (-1.42, 55.01) -> (458, 126) 10. **River Wear**: from Pennines through Durham (-1.58, 54.78) to Sunderland (-1.38, 54.9). - (-1.95, 54.72) -> (405, 159) Stanhope - Durham (-1.58, 54.78) -> (442, 152) - Chester-le-Street (-1.57, 54.86) -> (443, 142) - Sunderland (-1.38, 54.91) -> (462, 135) 11. **River Tees**: from Pennines, through Barnard Castle (-1.92, 54.54), Darlington (-1.55, 54.52), Stockton (-1.32, 54.57), Middlesbrough (-1.23, 54.57), mouth (-1.15, 54.63). - (-2.2, 54.6) -> (380, 178)... hmm Middleton-in-Teesdale (-2.08, 54.63) -> (392, 175) - Barnard Castle (-1.92, 54.54) -> (408, 186) - Darlington (-1.55, 54.52) -> (445, 188) - Stockton (-1.32, 54.57) -> (468, 182) - Mouth (-1.14, 54.63) -> (486, 175) 12. **River Mersey**: formed at Stockport (-2.16, 53.41) by Goyt/Tame, flows through Manchester Ship Canal, Warrington (-2.6, 53.39), Runcorn, Widnes, Liverpool (-2.99, 53.4), mouth (-3.02, 53.45). - Stockport (-2.16, 53.41) -> (384, 330) - (-2.35, 53.41) -> (365, 330)... Irlam - Warrington (-2.6, 53.39) -> (340, 333) - Runcorn/Widnes (-2.75, 53.35) -> (325, 338) - Liverpool (-2.95, 53.42) -> (305, 329) - Mouth (-3.02, 53.47) -> (298, 322) 13. **River Ribble**: from Yorkshire Dales through Preston (-2.7, 53.76) to mouth (-2.95, 53.72)... estuary at Lytham. - (-2.35, 54.05)... source near Horton (-2.2, 54.12)? Actually Ribble source is Gayle Beck near Ribblehead (-2.32, 54.18). Flows south through Settle, Clitheroe (-2.39, 53.87), Preston, then west to estuary. - (-2.32, 54.18) -> (368, 232) - Clitheroe (-2.39, 53.87) -> (361, 272) - Preston (-2.7, 53.76) -> (330, 286) - Mouth (-2.95, 53.71) -> (305, 292) 14. **River Eden**: Carlisle (-2.94, 54.89), flows NW to Solway (-3.3, 54.9). - (-2.75, 54.6)... source in Cumbria near Kirkby Stephen (-2.35, 54.47). Flows NW through Appleby (-2.49, 54.58), Penrith (-2.75, 54.66), Carlisle (-2.94, 54.89), to Solway (-3.35, 54.92). - (-2.35, 54.47) -> (365, 195) - Penrith (-2.75, 54.66) -> (325, 171) - Carlisle (-2.94, 54.89) -> (306, 142) - Mouth (-3.35, 54.92) -> (265, 138) 15. **River Avon (Bristol)**: from Cotswolds through Bath (-2.36, 51.38), Bristol (-2.59, 51.45), to Avonmouth (-2.72, 51.5). - (-1.9, 51.5)?? Actually source near Acton Turville (-2.28, 51.53). Flows south through Chippenham (-2.12, 51.46), Bradford-on-Avon, Bath, then NW through Bristol to Avonmouth. - (-2.15, 51.5) -> (385, 572) - Chippenham (-2.12, 51.46) -> (388, 577) - Bath (-2.36, 51.38) -> (364, 592) - Keynsham (-2.5, 51.42) -> (350, 587) - Bristol (-2.59, 51.45) -> (341, 583) - Avonmouth (-2.71, 51.51) -> (329, 575) 16. **River Exe**: from Exmoor, through Tiverton (-3.49, 50.9), Exeter (-3.53, 50.72), to Exmouth (-3.42, 50.62). - (-3.65, 51.03)?? Source on Exmoor (-3.78, 51.13) -> (222, 620) - Tiverton (-3.49, 50.9) -> (251, 648) - Exeter (-3.53, 50.72) -> (247, 671) - Mouth (-3.42, 50.62) -> (258, 684) 17. **River Tamar**: forms Cornwall/Devon border, from near Bude coast (-4.55, 50.83)... source Woolley Moor near coast, flows south to Plymouth (-4.15, 50.4). - (-4.5, 50.75) -> (150, 668) - Launceston (-4.35, 50.64) -> (165, 682) - (-4.25, 50.5) -> (175, 699) - Plymouth (-4.17, 50.39) -> (183, 713) 18. **River Dart**: Dartmoor source (-3.95, 50.56), Totnes (-3.72, 50.43), Dartmouth (-3.58, 50.35). - (-3.95, 50.56) -> (205, 692) - Totnes (-3.72, 50.43) -> (228, 709) - Dartmouth (-3.58, 50.35) -> (242, 718) 19. **River Medway (Kent)**: from Sussex (-0.1, 51.1), through Tonbridge (0.27, 51.2), Maidstone (0.52, 51.27), Rochester/Chatham (0.5, 51.39), to Thames estuary at Sheerness (0.75, 51.44). - (-0.05, 51.1) -> (595, 630) - Tonbridge (0.27, 51.2) -> (627, 618) - Maidstone (0.52, 51.27) -> (652, 609) - Rochester (0.5, 51.39) -> (650, 594) - Sheerness (0.76, 51.44) -> (676, 587) 20. **River Wye**: mostly Wales/border. Could show the lower part forming border: from Hay (-3.13, 52.07) through Hereford (-2.71, 52.06), Ross-on-Wye (-2.58, 51.91), Monmouth (-2.71, 51.81), Chepstow (-2.67, 51.64) to Severn estuary. - (-3.1, 52.08) -> (290, 498)... enters England near Hereford - Actually Wye enters England west of Hereford: (-2.9, 52.05) -> (310, 502) - Hereford (-2.71, 52.06) -> (329, 500) - Ross (-2.58, 51.91) -> (342, 519) - Monmouth (-2.71, 51.81) -> (329, 532) - Chepstow (-2.67, 51.64) -> (333, 554) 21. **River Itchen** and **Test** (Southampton Water): Test through Winchester... Test from Andover (-1.49, 51.21) through Romsey to Southampton (-1.4, 50.9). Itchen from Winchester (-1.31, 51.06) to Southampton (-1.4, 50.89). - Test: Andover (-1.49, 51.21) -> (451, 609); Romsey (-1.5, 50.99) -> (450, 637); Southampton Water (-1.36, 50.87) -> (464, 652) - Itchen: Winchester (-1.31, 51.06) -> (469, 628); Southampton (-1.37, 50.9) -> (463, 648) 22. **River Stour (Dorset)**: through Blandford to Christchurch. Maybe skip. 23. **River Thames tributaries**: Kennet (through Newbury/Reading) — this is also Kennet & Avon Canal route. 24. **River Ouse (Sussex)**: Lewes to Newhaven. Skip maybe. 25. **River Derwent (Cumbria)**: Skip. 26. **River Lune**: Lancaster (-2.8, 54.05) to Morecambe Bay (-2.88, 54.0). - Kirkby Lonsdale (-2.6, 54.2) -> (340, 228) - Lancaster (-2.8, 54.05) -> (320, 248) - Mouth (-2.9, 53.98) -> (310, 257) Also canals: - **Grand Union Canal**: London (Brentford/Paddington) -> through Hertfordshire (Watford), Tring, Milton Keynes, Northampton area, Leicester... to Birmingham. - **Leeds & Liverpool Canal**: Leeds to Liverpool via Skipton, Burnley, Blackburn, Wigan. - **Manchester Ship Canal**: Manchester to Mersey estuary at Eastham. - **Kennet & Avon Canal**: Reading to Bristol via Newbury, Devizes, Bath. - **Oxford Canal**: Oxford to Coventry. - **Shropshire Union**... - **Birmingham canals**, **Trent & Mersey Canal** (Stoke to Derby/Shardlow). - **Bridgewater Canal**. - **Caledonian** — no that's Scotland. - **Gloucester & Sharpness Canal**. - **Exeter Ship Canal**. The user asked for "major waterways" — rivers primarily, but canals are waterways too. I'll include major rivers prominently and maybe a few key canals shown differently (dashed lines). Design considerations: This should be a beautiful, polished map. Let me create: - Ocean background with subtle texture/gradient - England landmass with fill and border - Rivers in blue with varying widths - Labels for rivers (rotated along rivers where possible) - Labels for major cities (London, Bristol, etc.) maybe as dots - Title, legend, compass rose - Decorative cartographic style — maybe a vintage/parchment look or a clean modern look Let me go for an elegant modern cartographic style: cream/parchment land, soft blue water, thin river lines with nice curves, serif labels italic for water (classic cartography convention: water features in italic serif blue). I'll use quadratic/cubic bezier curves for smooth rivers and coastline. Writing the whole coastline as smooth path with C/S commands is complex; I can use a polyline path with L commands but with enough points it looks okay-ish, but smooth is better. Alternatively, use path with points and apply a smoothing via `` with `stroke-linejoin="round"`. With enough points, straight segments are fine. Actually, I could use JavaScript to smooth the paths (catmull-rom to bezier conversion). That's cleaner: define point arrays in JS, generate smooth paths. The instructions say I can use script tags. Let me write a small script that takes arrays of [x,y] and builds smooth path strings using Catmull-Rom spline conversion. That will give a professional look. Plan: - HTML page, centered SVG map. - viewBox roughly "0 0 820 800" with some margin. - Sea: rectangle with gradient (light blue). - Land: England path (fill parchment #f5f0e1 or soft green-beige), stroke darker. - Scottish border & Welsh border: dashed lines to show boundaries. - Rivers: paths stroke #4a90c2 / #3d85c6 with round caps, widths 2-4. - Estuaries: wider filled shapes? Maybe just thicker strokes near mouths. Simpler: use two strokes — a wider translucent stroke under a thinner one. - City markers: small circles + labels (London, Birmingham? Birmingham isn't on a major waterway... but helpful for orientation. Include: London, Liverpool, Manchester, Leeds, Newcastle, Bristol, Southampton, Plymouth, Hull, York, Norwich?, Exeter, Carlisle, Oxford, Cambridge?, Nottingham, Gloucester, Worcester, Shrewsbury, Bedford...). Keep to ~15 to avoid clutter. - River labels: italic serif, blue, positioned with rotation. - Legend explaining river/canal/border lines. - Compass rose in a corner. - Title: "Major Waterways of England". Let me now carefully define the coastline points (already computed above). I'll refine to keep point count reasonable (~70 points). Coastline (clockwise from Berwick, including land borders): Let me list in order starting at Berwick, going WEST along Scottish border, then south along west coast, then east along south coast, then north along east coast back to Berwick. 1. (400, 29) Berwick 2. (380, 45) 3. (365, 57) 4. (345, 89) — Cheviots area 5. (330, 108) 6. (310, 121) 7. (294, 128) Gretna (Solway) 8. (275, 138) Solway inner — actually Solway Firth: the coast goes from Gretna south-west? Gretna is at head of Solway. Coast from Gretna: (-3.06,54.99) then the Solway: south shore at (-3.4, 54.87) -> (260, 144). Let me insert (272, 139). 9. (262, 144) Silloth 10. (250, 164) Maryport 11. (245, 172) Workington 12. (241, 184) Whitehaven 13. (252, 200) St Bees Head (-3.48? no, St Bees Head (-3.63, 54.52)... hmm. St Bees Head is at (-3.64, 54.52) -> (236, 187)? That doesn't seem right; Whitehaven is 54.55. St Bees Head is just south of Whitehaven, sticking west: (-3.63, 54.52) -> (237, 188). OK skip minor. 14. (260, 216) 15. (273, 230) Millom 16. (277, 242) Barrow 17. (285, 250) — Morecambe Bay north side... actually coast: from Barrow around to Morecambe: (-2.92, 54.05) -> (308, 250). The bay is big. For a stylized map, draw coast: Barrow (277, 242) -> (295, 253) -> Morecambe (310, 254) -> then down to Fleetwood (298, 264). Hmm, Morecambe Bay indent: I'll approximate: (277,242) -> (290,250) -> (308,255) -> (300,266) Fleetwood area. 18. (295, 278) Blackpool 19. (299, 298) Southport 20. (298, 324) Mersey mouth (Liverpool) 21. (293, 330) — Wirral... Dee estuary: from Mersey mouth the coast dips SW: (-3.1, 53.37) -> (290, 331), then (-3.2, 53.32) -> (280, 338), then inland up the Dee to Chester (-2.89, 53.19) -> (311, 357). 22. Welsh border: (311, 357) Chester 23. (301, 375) Wrexham 24. (295, 399) Oswestry 25. (285, 424) Welshpool 26. (295, 464) Knighton 27. (287, 499) Hay-on-Wye 28. (300, 516) — Kington/Hereford west (-3.0, 52.05)? Actually border between Hay and Monmouth: (-2.95, 51.95) -> (305, 520); (-2.85, 51.87) -> (315, 530). Let me add (305, 520). 29. (329, 533) Monmouth 30. (333, 554) Chepstow 31. (328, 566) — Severn crossing area, Avonmouth (328, 572)... Coast from Chepstow: crosses Severn mouth. The south shore of Severn estuary: Avonmouth (-2.72, 51.5) -> (328, 572). 32. (312, 585) — Portishead/Clevedon (-2.88, 51.44)? Hmm (-2.9, 51.44) -> (310, 583). Then Weston (-2.98, 51.35) -> (302, 591). 33. (302, 591) Weston 34. (300, 605) Burnham 35. (270, 608) — Bridgwater Bay west (-3.3, 51.22) -> (270, 609) 36. (253, 609) Minehead 37. (220, 612) — Porlock/Lynton (-3.6, 51.23)? (-3.8, 51.22) -> (220, 609) 38. (188, 609) Ilfracombe 39. (160, 620) — Bideford Bay (-4.2, 51.05)? (-4.4, 51.0) -> (160, 636)? Hmm: (-4.24, 51.02) -> (176, 634). Let me use (172, 630). 40. (147, 633) Hartland Point 41. (145, 657) Bude 42. (120, 685) — Boscastle/Tintagel (-4.75, 50.66)? (-4.8, 50.66) -> (120, 680). OK (118, 681). 43. (92, 709) Newquay 44. (60, 730) — St Agnes/Perranporth? (-5.3, 50.32) -> (70, 723); then St Ives (-5.48, 50.21) -> (52, 736). 45. (52, 736) St Ives 46. (28, 753) Land's End 47. (45, 747) Penzance 48. (65, 755) — Mount's Bay bottom... Lizard: (-5.2, 49.96) -> (80, 768). 49. (80, 768) Lizard Point 50. (95, 748) — Helford/Falmouth (-5.07, 50.15)? Wait that's north of Lizard: (-5.07, 50.1) -> (93, 750). Hmm Falmouth (-5.07, 50.15) -> (93, 744). OK. 51. (120, 728) — Falmouth bay east (-4.85, 50.28)? -> (115, 727). Then Fowey (-4.64, 50.33) -> (136, 721). 52. (136, 721) Fowey 53. (155, 718) Looe 54. (186, 716) Plymouth 55. (210, 726) — Devon coast east of Plymouth: (-3.9, 50.3) -> (210, 725) 56. (236, 735) Start Point 57. (242, 718) Dartmouth 58. (248, 704) Torquay 59. (260, 684) Exmouth 60. (280, 676) — Sidmouth (-3.24, 50.68) -> (276, 677) 61. (306, 672) Lyme Regis 62. (335, 680) — West Bay/Bridport (-2.76, 50.71) -> (324, 672)? Hmm (-2.76, 50.71) -> (324, 672). But Portland is south: Portland Bill (-2.46, 50.51) -> (354, 698). So: (324, 672) -> (340, 682) -> (354, 698) Portland -> (352, 686) back up (Weymouth) — that's a little spur; simplify: (324,672) -> (350, 695) -> (375, 684) Lulworth -> (390, 690) -> (405, 685) Swanage. Purbeck coast: (-2.05, 50.59) -> (395, 688). 63. (375, 684) 64. (395, 688) 65. (405, 685) Swanage — actually Swanage (-1.95, 50.61) -> (405, 685) 66. (412, 672) Bournemouth — Poole harbour is between; simplify. 67. (430, 668) — Christchurch (-1.78, 50.73) -> (422, 670); then Solent north shore: (-1.5, 50.78) -> (450, 663); (-1.31, 50.85) -> (469, 655) Southampton Water top; then back out: (-1.3, 50.79) -> (470, 663); Portsmouth (-1.1, 50.79) -> (490, 663). For simplicity draw: (422, 670) -> (450, 664) -> (462, 656) (Southampton) -> (475, 663) -> (490, 663) Portsmouth. 68. (521, 672) Selsey Bill — between Portsmouth and Selsey there's a bulge: (-1.0, 50.78) -> (500, 664). Fine. 69. (560, 670) — Bognor/Littlehampton (-0.4, 50.79) -> (560, 664); Worthing (-0.33, 50.81) -> (567, 661); Brighton (0.0? -0.13, 50.82) -> (587, 660). Let me add (585, 660) Brighton. 70. (624, 669) Beachy Head — actually Beachy Head is a headland south: (0.24, 50.74) -> (624, 669). And before it Newhaven/Seaford: (0.05, 50.77) -> (605, 665). 71. (659, 654) Hastings 72. (698, 648) Dungeness — Romney Marsh coast: (0.6, 50.9)? The coast from Hastings bulges: (0.59, 50.86) -> (659, 655); then Rye (0.74, 50.95) -> (674, 644); Dungeness (0.98, 50.91) -> (698, 648). OK add (674, 644). 73. (717, 626) Folkestone 74. (732, 620) Dover 75. (740, 609) Deal 76. (744, 590) North Foreland/Ramsgate 77. (738, 587) Margate 78. (715, 570) — Thames north shore? From Margate: (1.3, 51.4) -> (730, 585); then (1.1, 51.5) -> (710, 572)? Hmm, the coast from Margate goes west into Thames estuary: Whitstable (-? 1.02, 51.36) -> (702, 602)? Wait Whitstable is at (1.02, 51.36) north Kent coast -> (702, 602). Hmm, that conflicts with my earlier point. Let me redo east coast more carefully. Kent north coast: Margate (1.38, 51.39) -> Reculver (1.2, 51.38) -> Whitstable (1.02, 51.36) -> Sheerness (0.76, 51.44) -> Thames estuary north shore goes NORTH into Essex: actually the estuary: south shore is Kent (Sheerness, Grain), north shore is Essex (Southend (0.71, 51.54)). The outer estuary mouth is roughly between Margate/North Foreland and Harwich/Clacton. For a stylized map, the coast path: ... North Foreland (744, 590) -> Margate (738, 587) -> (720, 583) -> Whitstable (702, 602)?? That creates a deep indent (Thames estuary on south side). Then Sheerness (676, 587)... then back out to Southend (671, 573)? Hmm this is getting complex. The Thames estuary: I want to show it as a notable estuary. Simplification: draw coast from North Foreland west along Kent to Sheerness-ish (680, 590), then the Thames estuary: go up (north) crossing to Essex at Southend (671, 573), then NE along Essex coast: (1.0, 51.75)? -> (700, 549)? Clacton (1.15, 51.79) -> (715, 536). Then Harwich/Felixstowe (731, 515), etc. Actually let me make the Thames estuary a water feature: draw a wide blue estuary shape from London to the sea, and the coastline can go around it: coast path: North Foreland (744,590) -> (730, 586) -> Whitstable (702, 601) -> (690, 596) -> Sheerness (676, 588) -> then across the estuary mouth (water gap) -> Southend (671, 573) -> (690, 558) -> Clacton (715, 536) -> Felixstowe (731, 515) -> Aldeburgh (760, 490) -> Southwold (768, 467) -> Lowestoft (775, 448) -> Great Yarmouth (773, 433) -> (760, 415) -> Cromer (730, 391) -> (700, 385)? Sheringham/Wells: (1.0, 52.95)? -> (700, 388)? hmm Wells (0.85, 52.95) -> (685, 388). Hunstanton (0.49, 52.95) -> (649, 388). Then Wash: King's Lynn (639, 413) in, then back out: (630, 400)? Actually the Wash is a big square bay: from Hunstanton south to King's Lynn, then the coast goes west/northwest inside... The Wash: south shore King's Lynn (0.39, 52.75) -> (639, 413); west shore up to Boston/Skegness: (0.2, 52.9)? Boston is inland. Wash west shore: (-0.05, 52.95)? Hmm. The Wash outline: from Hunstanton (649, 388) go south to (639, 413) King's Lynn, then the coast turns NW: (615, 410) -> (605, 395)? -> Boston area (598, 390) -> then north to Skegness (634, 363). Actually the Wash's NW corner around Gibraltar Point (0.32, 53.1) -> (632, 367)? and Skegness (0.34, 53.15) -> (634, 363). So coast: (649, 388) Hunstanton -> (640, 405) -> (639, 413) King's Lynn -> (625, 412) -> (612, 400) -> (605, 392) -> (615, 380) -> (632, 367) Gibraltar Pt -> (634, 363) Skegness -> (627, 337) Mablethorpe -> (620, 320) -> Cleethorpes (595, 310) — wait Cleethorpes (53.56, -0.03) -> (597, 311). Then Humber estuary: from Cleethorpes/Grimsby the coast follows the Humber west: but for the outline I'll draw coast crossing the Humber mouth: Cleethorpes (597, 311) -> Spurn Point (615, 308)? No wait, Spurn is on the north side of the Humber mouth. Grimsby/Cleethorpes on the south side. The Humber mouth is between Spurn (north) and Cleethorpes (south). So coast path: Skegness (634, 363) -> Mablethorpe (627, 337) -> (612, 322) -> Cleethorpes (597, 311) -> then jump across Humber mouth to Spurn (615, 308) -> Withernsea (603, 290) -> Bridlington (581, 244) -> Flamborough (592, 237) -> Filey (560, 226)? -> Scarborough (560, 219)? Filey (-0.29, 54.21) -> (571, 230). Scarborough (-0.4, 54.28) -> (560, 219). -> (548, 205) -> Whitby (540, 193) -> (515, 185) -> (500, 178) -> Tees mouth (485, 174) -> Hartlepool (480, 167) -> (472, 155) -> Sunderland (462, 138) -> (461, 132) -> Tyne mouth (460, 127) -> (455, 118) -> Blyth (450, 112) -> (445, 98) -> Amble (442, 85) -> (440, 72) -> (435, 53) Seahouses -> (428, 51) Bamburgh -> (420, 41) -> Berwick (400, 29). Close. The estuaries (Thames, Humber, Wash, Severn, Mersey, Dee, Morecambe, Solway, Southampton Water, Plymouth, Portsmouth) — I'll render some as water-colored shapes overlapping the land to give estuary effect, or simply draw the coastline with gaps bridged and draw wide river strokes. Simpler approach: keep coastline as continuous (crossing estuary mouths at outer points) and draw rivers as blue strokes; for major estuaries (Thames, Humber, Severn, Wash), add translucent blue wedge shapes. Hmm, but if the coastline "crosses" the Thames estuary from Sheerness to Southend, the land fill will cover the estuary... The coastline is a single closed path forming the land polygon. If I route the coast through the estuary mouth points, the estuary area becomes "land". I could instead route the coastline up the Thames: Sheerness -> along Kent side up to ~Gravesend, then back down the Essex side. That makes the map look right. Similarly for the Humber: route up the Humber to Hull/Goole and back. And the Wash as above. The Dee, Mersey, Solway similarly to a degree. Let me re-route the west coast for estuaries: - Solway: from Gretna (294,128), the border... Actually Gretna is at the head of the Solway; the border meets the sea there. Fine: (310,121) -> (294,128) -> then coast south: (280,135) -> (272,139)? -> Silloth (262,144). The Solway's south shore. Good enough. - Morecambe Bay: route inward: Barrow (277,242) -> (283,250) -> (295,255) -> (310,254) Morecambe -> (305,262) -> Fleetwood (298,266) hmm. Let me simplify: (277,242) -> (290,248) -> (305,252) -> (302,260) -> (298,266) -> Blackpool (295,278). OK. - Ribble estuary: minor, skip. - Mersey: Southport (299,298) -> Formby (300,308)? -> Crosby (298,316) -> Liverpool (298,324)... The Mersey estuary inner narrows. For style, I'll just draw the coast as a slight indent and draw the Mersey river wide. Simplify: coast continues (299,298) -> (298,324) -> (292,331) -> (280,338) Dee -> (285,345) -> (295,352) -> Chester (311,357). Dee estuary: from (280,338) [Hoylake] inland SE to Chester? The Dee estuary is between Wirral and Wales (Flintshire). Chester is at the head. Since Welsh border starts at Chester-ish, I can route: (280,338) -> (290,345) -> (300,350) -> (311,357) Chester. Good — gives an estuary indent. - Severn: from Chepstow (333,554) the coast crosses the Severn mouth. Route inward? The Severn estuary is wide; the "coast" between Chepstow and Avonmouth — the land border between England and Wales follows the Wye to Chepstow, then the Severn. For simplicity, go from Chepstow (333,554) straight to Avonmouth (328,572)? That line crosses water (Severn estuary) — it's roughly the England/Wales maritime boundary, acceptable on a stylized map. Or route via the Severn up to Gloucester and back — too fiddly. I'll draw straight-ish: (333,554) -> (330,563) -> (328,572). - Thames: route: North Foreland (744,590) -> Margate (738,587) -> (725,584) -> (712,590)? Hmm — the Kent north coast: Margate (1.38,51.39) -> (738,587); Reculver (1.2,51.38) -> (720,588); Whitstable (1.02,51.36) -> (702,603); Sheerness (0.76,51.44) -> (676,588)? Wait Sheerness lat 51.44 -> y=(56-51.44)*127=579. Let me recompute: (56-51.44)=4.56, *127=579. So Sheerness (676, 579)? Earlier I wrote 587 — recompute: lat 51.44 => y = 4.56*127 = 579.1. OK (676, 579). Whitstable lat 51.36 => y=4.64*127=589.3 => (702, 589). Reculver (1.2, 51.38): y=(4.62)*127=586.7 => (720, 587). Then up the Thames south bank: Sheerness (676, 579) -> (660, 575) -> Gravesend (0.37, 51.44) -> (637, 579)? lat 51.44 -> 579. Hmm Gravesend (0.37, 51.44): x=637, y=579. Then cross to Essex: Tilbury... north bank: (0.45, 51.47) -> (645, 575)? then Southend (0.71, 51.54) -> (671, 567)? lat 51.54 -> y=4.46*127=566. Then coast NE: (1.0, 51.7)? -> (700, 548)? Clacton (1.15, 51.79) -> (715, 536). Wait, but the Thames river itself will be drawn as a blue stroke from London to the estuary; the coast going up to Gravesend and back creates the estuary look. Gravesend is roughly opposite Tilbury; London is at (587, 572). The river stroke from London (587,572) to (637,579)/(645,575) then widening to sea. I'll draw the estuary as a filled blue shape polygon on top of land? No — the estuary region: if coastline goes Sheerness -> Gravesend -> Tilbury -> Southend, the area between is sea-colored? No! The land polygon boundary: ...coming from the north (Essex coast) down to Southend -> up to Tilbury -> across to Gravesend -> down to Sheerness -> then continues south/east along Kent... The region between Southend-Tilbury-Gravesend-Sheerness is OUTSIDE the polygon (sea). And west of Tilbury/Gravesend towards London: the polygon includes it as land, and I draw the Thames river stroke over it. The estuary between Gravesend and the sea will show as sea. Order of coastline traversal matters. Going clockwise starting at Berwick down the WEST coast, around the south, up the EAST coast: when I reach the Thames from the south (Kent side: ...Dover, North Foreland, Margate, Whitstable, Sheerness), I then go up the Thames south bank to Gravesend, cross to north bank Tilbury, come back down to Southend, then continue up Essex coast (Clacton, Felixstowe...). Yes, that ordering works with my clockwise path. Similarly Humber: coming from the south: Skegness -> Mablethorpe -> Cleethorpes (south bank of Humber mouth) -> up the Humber: Grimsby -> Immingham -> ... -> to Goole-ish/Trent Falls area -> back down north bank: Hull -> Spurn -> Withernsea -> Bridlington. Points: Cleethorpes (597, 311) -> Grimsby (593, 313) -> (585, 308) Immingham -> (575, 300) -> (565, 296) -> (555, 294) -> (545, 293) -> (531, 294) Trent Falls -> then north bank: (540, 290) -> (555, 288) -> Hull (567, 288) -> (585, 290) -> (600, 295) -> Spurn (615, 306) -> back out: (610, 300)? Hmm Spurn is a spit curving south. Simplify: after Hull: (590, 292) -> (605, 300) -> Spurn (615, 307) -> then Withernsea (603, 290)? Wait Withernsea is NORTH of Spurn on the outer coast. After rounding Spurn, go north: (608, 297) -> (603, 290) Withernsea -> (595, 270) -> (590, 255) -> Bridlington (581, 244) -> Flamborough (592, 237) -> Filey (571, 230) -> Scarborough (560, 219)... Wash: coming from north? No — clockwise from Thames we go up the east coast: Felixstowe -> Aldeburgh -> Southwold -> Lowestoft -> Gt Yarmouth -> Cromer -> Wells -> Hunstanton -> into the Wash: south shore down to King's Lynn (639, 413) -> then west/north along inner Wash: (625, 412) -> (610, 405) -> (600, 395) -> (605, 385)? -> then up to Skegness (634, 363). The Wash inner NW corner: Boston is at the corner. Points: King's Lynn (639,413) -> (628,414) -> (615,408) -> (605,398) -> (602,390) -> (610,380) -> (620,372) -> (632,366) Gibraltar Point -> Skegness (634,363). Good. Solway: Scottish border ends at Gretna (294,128) at head of Solway. Coast goes south: (288,132) -> (278,138) -> (268,141) -> Silloth (262,144)... fine, mild indent. Southampton Water / Solent / Portsmouth: coming clockwise from the west (Dorset): Swanage (405,685) -> Poole (398,682)? -> Bournemouth (412,672) — wait, order: going east: Swanage is east of Poole. Sequence west to east: ...Lulworth (375,684) -> (390,690) -> Swanage (405,685) -> then north into Poole Bay: Bournemouth (412,672) -> Christchurch (422,670) -> then Solent: (445,666) -> (462,657) Calshot? -> Southampton Water: up to (464,652) then back down (470,660) -> Portsmouth (490,663) -> (505,665) -> Selsey (521,672). Hmm the Solent north shore indents. Let me simplify with modest detail: (422,670) -> (440,665) -> (455,660) -> (464,652) [head of Southampton Water] -> (472,661) -> (490,663) Portsmouth -> (505,664) -> Selsey (521,672). Also the Isle of Wight — I could draw it as a separate small island south of the Solent: IoW shape around (-1.3,50.67): points: (455,690)? Cowes (-1.3,50.76) -> (470,667)?? no. Isle of Wight: lon -1.6 to -1.07, lat 50.6-50.77. Points: Needles (-1.57,50.66) -> (443,680); Freshwater; Newport (-1.29,50.7) -> (471,674); Ryde (-1.16,50.73) -> (484,670); Bembridge (-1.08,50.68) -> (492,678); Ventnor (-1.2,50.6) -> (480,687); St Catherine's (-1.3,50.58) -> (470,689); Chale; back to Needles. Draw small island: M (443,680) C ... to (492,678) ... close. I'll add it simply. Plymouth Sound: minor indent at (186,716): (183,713) -> (186,716) -> (192,717)? fine as is. Portland: spur — simplified above. Now rivers. I'll define each river as point arrays (already computed above; recompute y-values carefully with formula y=(56-lat)*127, x=(lon+6)*100). Let me recompute key city/river points precisely: Conversion: x = (lon+6)*100; y = (56-lat)*127. - London (-0.127, 51.507): x=587.3, y=(4.493)*127=570.6 -> (587, 571) - Oxford (-1.257, 51.752): x=474.3, y=4.248*127=539.5 -> (474, 540) - Reading (-0.978, 51.454): x=502.2, y=4.546*127=577.3 -> (502, 577) - Windsor (-0.604, 51.482): x=539.6, y=4.518*127=573.8 -> (540, 574) - Kingston (-0.3, 51.41): x=570, y=4.59*127=582.9 -> (570, 583) - Dartford (0.22, 51.45): x=622, y=4.55*127=577.9 -> (622, 578) Thames path: source (392,551) [(-2.08,51.67): x=392, y=4.33*127=549.9 -> (392,550)] -> (410,552)? -> Lechlade (-1.69,51.7): x=431, y=4.3*127=546 -> (431,547) -> Oxford (474,540) -> (490,555)? Abingdon (-1.28,51.67): x=472, y=550 — hmm Abingdon is south of Oxford: (472,550). Then Reading (502,577) -> Henley (-0.9,51.54): x=510, y=566? Henley is NE of Reading actually (-0.9,51.535): (510,567). Sequence: Oxford (474,540) -> Abingdon (472,550) -> Wallingford (-1.12,51.6): (488,558) -> Reading (502,577) -> Henley... wait Henley is downstream (east) of Reading: (510,567)? That'd be north — no: lat 51.535 > 51.454 so y=567 < 577. But geographically Henley is NE of Reading. OK (510,567) then Marlow (-0.78,51.57): (522,565) -> Windsor (540,574) -> Staines (-0.51,51.43): (549,580) -> Kingston (570,583) -> London (587,571)? Hmm London y=571 but Kingston y=583 — the Thames does flow north-east from Kingston to London. OK -> (600,573) -> Dartford (622,578) -> estuary (645,577). Simplify Thames points: (392,550) (431,547) (474,540) (488,558) (502,577) (522,565) (540,574) (555,581) (570,583) (587,571) (605,574) (622,578) (650,577). Severn: source in Wales at (-3.79,52.47): x=221, y=3.53*127=448.3 -> (221,448) — I'll start at border-ish (290, 430)? Let me start the drawn river just inside Wales near (300,432) [(-3.0,52.6): x=300, y=3.4*127=431.8]. Points: (300,432) -> Shrewsbury (-2.75,52.71): x=325, y=3.29*127=417.8 -> (325,418). Actually Severn loops around Shrewsbury; fine. -> Ironbridge (-2.48,52.63): (352,428) -> Bewdley (-2.32,52.38): (368,460) -> Worcester (-2.22,52.19): x=378, y=3.81*127=483.9 -> (378,484) -> Tewkesbury (-2.16,51.99): (384,509) -> Gloucester (-2.24,51.86): x=376, y=4.14*127=525.8 -> (376,526) -> (365,538) -> (-2.55,51.65): (345,553)? Framilode (-2.36? no). Let me route the Severn from Gloucester SW: (-2.4,51.75): (360,542) -> (-2.5,51.7): (350,548) -> (-2.6,51.62): (340,559) -> Berkeley (-2.46,51.69)? The river bends... simplify: (376,526) -> (362,540) -> (348,552) -> (340,563) -> mouth (330,571)? The Severn meets the sea around (-2.95,51.6)? The estuary: from Gloucester the Severn flows SW to the Bristol Channel, mouth near Avonmouth/Portishead (-2.9,51.5)? I'll end at (320,568) merging with coast near Avonmouth (328,572). Points: (300,432) (325,418) (352,428) (368,460) (378,484) (384,509) (376,526) (362,540) (348,552) (336,564) (322,569). Wye (tributary-ish, joins Severn at Chepstow): (310,502) [(-2.9,52.05): x=310, y=3.95*127=501.7] -> Hereford (329,500) -> (340,510) -> Ross (342,519) -> (336,526) -> Monmouth (329,532) -> (331,543) -> Chepstow (333,554). Avon (Bristol): source (-2.28,51.53): x=372, y=4.47*127=567.7 -> (372,568) -> Chippenham (388,577) -> (-2.25,51.42) Melksham: (375,589) -> Bradford (-2.25,51.35): (375,598)? hmm Bradford-on-Avon (-2.25,51.35): x=375, y=4.65*127=590.6 -> (375,591)?? wait y=(56-51.35)*127=4.65*127=590.6. OK (375,591). -> Bath (364,592) -> Keynsham (350,587) -> Bristol (341,583) -> (334,579) -> Avonmouth (328,572). Trent: source (-2.15,53.05): x=385, y=2.95*127=374.7 -> (385,375) -> Stoke (-2.18,53.02): (382,379) -> (390,388)? Rugeley (-1.92,52.77)? Let me: (385,375) -> (382,382) -> (395,395) -> Burton (-1.63,52.8): (437,408) -> (455,406) -> (475,401) -> Nottingham (485,389) -> (500,380) -> Newark (519,372) -> (522,355) -> Gainsborough (523,332) -> (528,310) -> Trent Falls (531,294). Great Ouse: source (-1.15,52.1): (485,496) -> (-1.0,52.15)? Brackley... -> Buckingham (-0.99,52.0): (501,508)? lat 52.0 -> y=4.0*127=508. Hmm source region: Great Ouse source near Brackley (-1.15,52.04): (485,495). Flows NE through Buckingham (-0.99,51.99): (501,510), Milton Keynes (-0.76,52.04): (524,503), Bedford (-0.47,52.14): (553,491), St Neots (-0.27,52.23): (573,480), Huntingdon (-0.18,52.33): (582,467), then Earith (-0.05? 0.03,52.35)? then Ely (0.26,52.4): (626,458), Littleport (0.3,52.46): (630,450), Downham Market (0.38,52.6): (638,433), King's Lynn (639,414). Points: (485,495) (501,510) (524,503) (553,491) (573,480) (582,467) (600,458) (626,458) (630,450) (638,433) (639,414). Wait — Ely to King's Lynn: the Ouse flows north; Earith to Denver: (598,457) -> (610,450) -> (626,448)? Ely is west of the river? Ely sits on the Ouse. Fine, approximate. Nene: source (-1.0,52.25)? near Daventry (-1.05,52.26): (495,477) -> Northampton (-0.9,52.24): (510,479) -> Wellingborough (-0.7,52.3): (530,471) -> Thrapston (-0.54,52.4): (546,458) -> Peterborough (-0.24,52.57): (576,437) -> Whittlesey (0.0? -0.13,52.56): (587,438) -> March (0.09,52.55): (609,440) -> Wisbech (0.16,52.66): (616,425) -> (620,405)? -> Wash (622,392)? The Nene outflow is via the Wash near Sutton Bridge (0.2,52.77)? Wisbech then NW to (0.2,52.85)? Actually Nene mouth: (0.2,52.9)?? There's "The Wash" embayment; the Nene flows into it near (0.23,52.85): (623,388)? lat 52.85 -> y=3.15*127=400. So (623,400). Points: (495,477) (510,479) (530,471) (546,458) (576,437) (609,440) (616,425) (623,400). Witham: source near Grantham (-0.64,52.95): (536,387)? Actually source SW of Grantham (-0.78,52.85): (522,398). -> Grantham (536,387) -> (545,370) -> Lincoln (-0.54,53.23): (546,349) -> (560,360) Bardney (-0.32,53.1): (568,366) -> (585,375) -> Boston (-0.02,52.97): (598,384) -> (607,390) Wash mouth (610,393). Points: (522,398) (536,387) (546,349)?? wait Grantham (536,387) to Lincoln (546,349) — direct. Then (568,366) (585,375) (598,384) (608,392). Welland: through Spalding — skip or include? Include briefly: source Market Harborough (-0.92,52.48): (508,451) -> Stamford (-0.48,52.65): (552,429) -> Spalding (-0.18,52.79): (582,404) -> Wash (0.15,52.85)? -> (615,400)? Hmm Welland mouth near Fosdyke (0.05? ) Actually River Welland flows into the Wash near (0.1,52.85)?? Let me just do (582,404) -> (600,397) -> (612,395). Points: (508,451) (552,429) (582,404) (608,397). Yorkshire Ouse system: - Ouse: from Boroughbridge (-1.4,54.1): (460,242) -> (475,252) -> York (-1.08,53.96): (492,260) -> (490,272) -> Selby (493,283) -> Goole (512,294) -> Trent Falls (531,294). - Aire: source near Malham (-2.15,54.05)? Aire source: Malham Tarn area (-2.16,54.08): (384,246) -> Skipton (-2.03,53.96): (397,260) -> Keighley (-1.91,53.87): (409,272) -> Leeds (-1.55,53.8): (445,279) -> Castleford (-1.36,53.73): (464,289) -> (490,292)? joins Ouse near Goole at Airmyn (-0.9,53.72): (510,292). Points: (384,246) (397,260) (409,272) (445,279) (464,289) (510,292). - Wharfe: Ilkley (-1.82,53.93): (418,264) -> Tadcaster (-1.26,53.88): (474,273) -> joins Ouse at (-1.0,53.82)? Wharfe mouth near Cawood (-1.13,53.83): (487,276)? Points: (418,264) (450,268) (474,273) (490,278) -> joins Ouse south of York: Ouse passes (490,272)-(493,283); mouth (491,279). - Swale (northern tributary): Richmond (-1.74,54.4): (426,203) -> (445,215) -> Boroughbridge area joining Ure: Ure+Swale -> Ouse. Simplify: Swale from (410,195) [(-1.9,54.46): x=410, y=1.54*127=195.6] -> (426,203) -> (450,220) -> (460,242). - Derwent (Yorkshire): joins Ouse near Goole from NE: skip? Include briefly: (520,260)? Derwent from Malton (-0.79,54.14): (521,239) -> (510,265) -> joins at (505,285)? Hmm. Skip Derwent to reduce clutter. Actually Yorkshire Derwent is a decent river; but clutter risk — skip. Tyne: confluence at Hexham (390,131) [(-2.1,54.97): x=390, y=1.03*127=130.8] -> (410,132) -> Newcastle (439,131) -> (450,129) -> mouth (458,126). Also North Tyne from NW: (415,105)?? skip. Wear: source (-2.0,54.75)? Wearhead (-2.22,54.75): (378,159) -> Stanhope (405,159)? Wait (-1.95,54.72): x=405, y=1.28*127=162.6 -> (405,163). Hmm recompute: (56-54.72)=1.28, *127=162.6. So (405,163). Bishop Auckland (-1.68,54.66): (432,174) -> Durham (-1.58,54.78): (442,152)?? lat 54.78 -> y=1.22*127=154.9 -> (442,155). Chester-le-Street (-1.57,54.86): (443,145) -> Sunderland (-1.38,54.91): (462,135)? lat 54.91 -> y=1.09*127=138.4 -> (462,138). Points: (378,159) (405,163) (432,174) (442,155) (443,145) (462,138). Hmm the Wear loops; fine. Tees: source Cross Fell area (-2.4,54.7): (360,165) -> Middleton (-2.08,54.63): (392,175) -> Barnard Castle (-1.92,54.54): (408,186) -> (-1.7,54.5): (430,190) -> Darlington (-1.55,54.52): (445,188) -> Yarm (-1.35,54.51): (465,189) -> Stockton (-1.32,54.57): (468,182) -> Middlesbrough (-1.23,54.57): (477,182) -> mouth (-1.14,54.63): (486,175). Points: (360,165) (392,175) (408,186) (430,190) (445,188) (465,189) (468,182) (477,182) (486,175). Eden: source (-2.3,54.4)? Mallerstang (-2.32,54.4): (368,203) -> Kirkby Stephen (-2.35,54.47): (365,195) -> Appleby (-2.49,54.58): (351,180) -> Penrith (-2.75,54.66): (325,171) -> (-2.85,54.8): (315,152) -> Carlisle (-2.94,54.89): (306,142) -> (-3.15,54.9): (285,140) -> Solway (-3.3,54.9): (270,140). Points: (368,203) (365,195) (351,180) (325,171) (315,152) (306,142) (285,140) (270,140). Lune: source (-2.5,54.4)? near Tebay (-2.58,54.45): (342,197) -> Kirkby Lonsdale (-2.6,54.2): (340,228) -> Hornby (-2.64,54.11): (336,239) -> Lancaster (-2.8,54.05): (320,248) -> mouth (-2.92,53.97): (308,259). Points: (342,197) (340,228) (336,239) (320,248) (308,259). Ribble: source (-2.32,54.18): (368,232) -> Settle (-2.28,54.07): (372,245) -> (-2.35,53.95): (365,262) -> Clitheroe (-2.39,53.87): (361,272) -> (-2.55,53.8): (345,279) -> Preston (-2.7,53.76): (330,286) -> (315,290) -> mouth (-3.0,53.7): (300,291)? Hmm Ribble estuary mouth at Lytham (-2.95,53.72): (305,292). Points: (368,232) (372,245) (365,262) (361,272) (345,279) (330,286) (308,291). Mersey: Goyt+Tame at Stockport (384,330) -> (-2.2,53.4)? -> (370,331) -> (-2.35,53.41): (365,330) -> Irlam (-2.42,53.44): (358,327) -> Warrington (-2.6,53.39): (340,333) -> (-2.7,53.36): (330,337) -> Runcorn/Widnes (-2.76,53.34): (324,339) -> (-2.85,53.36): (315,338) -> Liverpool (-2.97,53.42): (303,328)? Hmm the estuary widens SW to Liverpool. Mouth (-3.02,53.47): (298,322). Points: (384,330) (365,330) (358,327) (340,333) (324,339) (315,338) (303,328) (298,322). Also Irwell from Manchester: Manchester (-2.24,53.48): (376,316) -> (370,323) -> joins ship canal near Irlam (358,327). Add small tributary: (376,316) (368,322) (358,327). Dee: Chester (311,357) — Welsh river, flows through Chester to estuary. Brief: (325,365)?? The Dee enters England near Chester: from Wales (-3.05,53.1)? Just draw Chester->estuary: (311,357) -> (300,350) -> (288,343) -> (280,338). Good. Exe: source Exmoor (-3.78,51.13): (222,620) -> (-3.6,51.0): (240,635) -> Tiverton (-3.49,50.9): (251,648) -> (-3.5,50.8): (250,661) -> Exeter (-3.53,50.72): (247,671) -> (252,678) -> Exmouth (260,684). Points: (222,620) (240,635) (251,648) (250,661) (247,671) (252,678) (260,684). Tamar: source (-4.52,50.85)?: (148,654) -> (150,668) -> Launceston (-4.35,50.64): (165,682) -> (-4.3,50.6): (170,687) -> (-4.22,50.5): (178,699) -> (180,708) -> Plymouth (-4.17,50.39): (183,713). Points: (148,654) (150,668) (165,682) (170,687) (178,699) (180,708) (183,713). Dart: source Dartmoor (-3.98,50.6): (202,687) -> (-3.9,50.55): (210,693) -> Buckfastleigh (-3.78,50.48): (222,702) -> Totnes (-3.72,50.43): (228,709) -> (235,714) -> Dartmouth (242,718). Points: (202,687) (210,693) (222,702) (228,709) (235,714) (242,718). Medway: source (-0.1,51.1)? Ashdown Forest (0.05,51.08): (605,630)? -> Tonbridge (0.27,51.2): (627,618) -> (640,612) -> Maidstone (0.52,51.27): (652,609) -> (655,600) -> Rochester (0.5,51.39): (650,594) -> (660,590) -> Sheerness (676,587)? mouth at (0.75,51.45): (675,578)? The Medway estuary joins Thames near Sheerness (0.74,51.44): (674,579). Points: (605,630) (627,618) (640,612) (652,609) (655,600) (650,594) (660,590) (674,579). Hmm wait — but the coastline now routes Sheerness->Gravesend up the Thames; Medway mouth at (674,579) is on the coast. OK. Stour (Kent) — skip. Arun/Adur — skip. Ouse Sussex — skip. Test: source near Andover (-1.7,51.24)?: (430,607)?? Test source near Overton (-1.25,51.24): (475,605)? Let me: (-1.3,51.24): (470,605) -> Stockbridge (-1.46,51.11): (454,622)?? Stockbridge lon -1.46: x=454; lat 51.11: y=4.89*127=621. So (454,621) — hmm that's west of source; the Test flows south-ish. Romsey (-1.5,50.99): (450,637) -> Redbridge (-1.47,50.92): (453,646) -> Southampton Water (-1.4,50.87): (460,650)? Coast at head of Soton Water (464,652). Points: (470,605) (454,621) (450,637) (453,646) (460,650). Itchen: source (-1.15,51.09): (485,624) -> Winchester (-1.31,51.06): (469,628) -> (-1.32,50.98): (468,638) -> Southampton (-1.37,50.9): (463,648). Points: (485,624) (469,628) (468,638) (463,648). Hmm, Test source (470,605) east of Stockbridge (454,621)? Overton is at -1.26; Stockbridge -1.46 — yes Test flows SW then S. Fine. Frome/Piddle (Dorset) — skip. Stour Dorset — maybe: Stour flows through Blandford (-2.16,50.86): (384,654) -> Wimborne (-1.99,50.8): (401,661) -> Christchurch (422,670). Source near Stourhead (-2.3,51.1)? Points: (375,620)? source (-2.32,51.08): (368,626) -> (378,642) -> (384,654) -> (401,661) -> (415,668) -> (422,670). Include it — nice for Dorset. Also River Avon (Hampshire) — through Salisbury to Christchurch: Salisbury (-1.8,51.07): (420,633) -> (-1.85,50.95)? Fordingbridge (-1.79,50.93): (421,644) -> Christchurch (422,670). Points: (420,633) (421,644) (420,656) (422,670). Include? It joins Stour at Christchurch. OK include as "Avon (Hants)"? Might clutter; the label "Avon" appears twice (Bristol Avon). I'll include the Hampshire Avon without label or with label. Let me include with small label "R. Avon". Derwent (Cumberland) — skip. Kent — skip. Severn tributaries: Avon (Warwickshire) joins at Tewkesbury: Stratford (-1.71,52.19): (429,484) -> Evesham (-1.95,52.09): (405,499) -> Tewkesbury (384,509). Points: (429,484) (405,499) (384,509). Label "Avon" small? Three Avons... I'll label "Warwickshire Avon" small or skip label. Include the line, label "R. Avon" small italic. Teme: joins Severn at Worcester: Ludlow (-2.72,52.37): (328,462) -> Tenbury (-2.6,52.31): (340,467) -> Worcester (378,484). Points: (328,462) (340,467) (360,475) (378,484). Include without label? Add label "Teme" small. Hmm, keep map clean: include. Soar/Trent tributaries: Soar through Leicester: (-1.14,52.63) Leicester: (486,432) -> Loughborough (-1.2,52.77): (480,414) -> joins Trent at (475,401). Points: (486,432) (480,414) (475,401). Include (unlabeled or "Soar"). Derwent (Derbyshire) joins Trent: skip. Great Ouse tributary: Cam through Cambridge: Cambridge (0.12,52.2): (612,484) -> (620,470) -> Ely (626,458). Points: (612,484) (618,472) (626,458). Label? "Cam" tiny. Include line only. Ouse (Sussex) skip. Rother skip. Canals — major ones, drawn as dashed thinner lines: 1. Grand Union Canal: London (587,571) -> Brentford? -> (560,560)? Uxbridge (-0.48,51.55): (552,567) -> Watford (-0.4,51.66): (560,553) -> (570,540)? Tring (-0.66,51.79): (534,541)?? Tring: x=534, y=(56-51.79)*127=4.21*127=534.7 -> (534,535). Hmm. Let me simplify route: London (587,571) -> (555,565) -> (545,548) -> (530,528)?? Leighton Buzzard (-0.66,51.92): (534,516) -> Milton Keynes (524,503) -> (500,480)? Weedon (-1.08,52.23): (492,480) -> Braunston (-1.2,52.29): (480,467) -> (465,450)? -> Warwick (-1.58,52.28): (442,475)? -> Birmingham (-1.9,52.48): (410,451). Points: (587,571) (555,565) (545,548) (534,535) (534,516) (524,503) (492,480) (480,467) (460,460) (442,475) (410,451). Hmm Braunston to Birmingham via Warwick: (480,467) -> (470,462) -> (442,475) -> (425,465) -> (410,451). 2. Oxford Canal: Oxford (474,540) -> (480,510)? Banbury (-1.34,52.06): (466,500) -> (470,480)? -> Braunston (480,467)?? Actually Oxford Canal goes Oxford->Banbury->Napton->Coventry: (474,540) -> (466,500) -> (470,480) -> Coventry (-1.51,52.41): (449,465). Points: (474,540) (466,500) (475,482) (449,465). 3. Trent & Mersey: Stoke (382,379)?? from (390,388) [Rugeley/Great Haywood] -> Stone (-2.15,52.9): (385,393)? hmm. Trent & Mersey: from Trent at Derwent Mouth (-1.3,52.87): (470,399)? -> Burton -> Stone -> Stoke (382,379) -> Kidsgrove -> Middlewich (-2.44,53.19): (356,357) -> Northwich (-2.52,53.26): (348,344) -> Preston Brook/Runcorn (324,339). Points: (470,399) (430,392) (385,390) (382,379) (370,365) (356,357) (348,344) (330,340) (324,339). 4. Leeds & Liverpool: Leeds (445,279) -> Skipton (397,260)?? Canal from Leeds NW to Skipton, then S through Burnley (-2.24,53.79): (376,280), Blackburn (-2.48,53.75): (352,281), Wigan (-2.63,53.55): (337,308), to Liverpool (303,328). Points: (445,279) (420,268) (397,260) (390,270) (376,280) (352,281) (340,295) (337,308) (320,320) (303,328). 5. Manchester Ship Canal: Manchester (376,316) -> (365,322) -> (358,327) -> (340,333) -> (324,339) -> (310,336) -> Eastham (292,332)? The MSC runs along the Mersey; might overlap with Mersey drawing. Maybe skip MSC or draw as dashed alongside. Skip to avoid clutter; mention in legend? No — I'll skip MSC. 6. Kennet & Avon: Reading (502,577) -> Newbury (-1.32,51.4): (468,585) -> Hungerford (-1.52,51.41): (448,584) -> Devizes (-2.0,51.35): (400,591) -> Bath (364,592) — connects Avon. Points: (502,577) (468,585) (448,584) (420,590) (400,591) (375,591) (364,592). 7. Gloucester & Sharpness: Gloucester (376,526) -> (360,540) -> Sharpness (340,563)? Parallels Severn; skip. 8. Bridgwater & Taunton / Grand Western: skip. 9. Coventry Canal / Birmingham network: skip (covered by GU). 10. Shropshire Union: skip. 11. Bridgewater Canal: skip. 12. Aire & Calder Navigation: Leeds (445,279) -> Castleford (464,289) -> Goole (512,294): essentially the Aire; skip separate. 13. Sheffield & South Yorkshire: skip. 14. River Weaver Navigation: skip. 15. Exeter Canal: skip. I'll show canals: Grand Union, Oxford, Trent & Mersey, Leeds & Liverpool, Kennet & Avon. Dashed slate/blue-gray lines. Legend explains. Cities (dot + label): - London (587,571) - Birmingham (410,451) - Manchester (376,316)? label NW of dot. Actually Manchester at (-2.24,53.48): (376,316). - Leeds (445,279) - Liverpool (303,328)? label offset. - Newcastle (439,131) - Bristol (341,583) - Sheffield (-1.47,53.38): (453,334). Include. - Nottingham (485,389) - York (492,260) - Hull (567,288) - Southampton (463,648) - Plymouth (183,713) - Exeter (247,671) - Norwich (1.3,52.63): (730,428). Include. - Cambridge (612,484) - Oxford (474,540) - Carlisle (306,142) - Gloucester (376,526) - Worcester (378,484)? close to Severn label; skip Worcester, keep Gloucester? Keep both? Skip Worcester. - Shrewsbury (325,418)? skip. - Portsmouth (490,663)? label near Southampton — skip to reduce clutter, keep Southampton. - Canterbury? skip. - Middlesbrough (477,182)? skip. - Sunderland skip. - Bath (364,592)? skip. - Coventry (449,465)? skip. - Leicester (486,432)? skip. - Stoke (382,379)? skip. City list final: London, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds, Sheffield, Liverpool, Newcastle upon Tyne, Bristol, Nottingham, York, Hull, Norwich, Cambridge, Oxford, Southampton, Exeter, Plymouth, Carlisle, Gloucester. ~19 — maybe trim: drop Gloucester (label collision with Severn). Keep 18. River labels (italic serif, fill #2b6cb0 or darker #1f5f8b): - Thames: along the river near (520,590)? rotated slightly. Place "River Thames" at (520, 595) rotate(-6) or so. Actually Thames runs E-W around y 540-580; label at (470, 560)? Hmm Oxford is at (474,540) labeled above. Put "Thames" label below river around (510, 590)? Reading area. I'll place "River Thames" at (455, 575) rotate(-8)? Let me think: between Oxford (474,540) and Reading (502,577), the river descends. Label at (455,570) rotate(15)? I'll fine-tune with approximate angles. - Severn: label vertical-ish along the river near (395, 470) rotate(-75)? The Severn flows SSE from Shrewsbury to Worcester: at (385,450) rotate(-78). - Trent: label near (450,420)? The Trent flows NE then N. Label at (455,415) rotate(-30)? Or along Newark-Gainsborough vertical: (530,350) rotate(-85). Use (535,355) rotate(-82) "River Trent". - Great Ouse: (545,515)? The upper Ouse around Milton Keynes-Bedford: (520,515) rotate(-15). - Nene: (540,470) rotate(-25)? - Witham: (570,395) rotate(-35)? Hmm Lincoln-Boston: (575,390) rotate(35)? The Witham flows SE: angle +35 in screen coords. Place at (575,392) rotate(38)? Let me approximate. - Yorkshire Ouse: "River Ouse" near York: (505,270) rotate(75)? The Ouse flows SSE: label at (500,272) rotate(72). - Aire: (420,290)? near Leeds: (415,288) rotate(-20)? Aire flows ESE: (420,285) rotate(-15)? hmm Leeds at (445,279) with label. Put Aire label at (408,290) rotate(-18). - Tyne: (420,140) rotate(2) "River Tyne". - Wear: (420,180) rotate(18)? "River Wear" at (415,180). - Tees: (405,195) rotate(12)? "River Tees" at (400,198)? Hmm Tees at y~185. Label at (410,200). - Eden: (340,190) rotate(-25)? Eden flows NW: label at (345,185) rotate(-28). - Mersey: (355,345)? Mersey flows W: label at (360,348) rotate(5) "River Mersey". - Ribble: (350,300) rotate(-15)? hmm Ribble at (355,275)... label at (365,300) rotate(-20) "River Ribble"? Preston (330,286). Label at (350,302)? might collide with Mersey label. Ribble label at (360,268)? near Clitheroe (361,272): put at (370,262) rotate(-12)? Eh. Let me place "Ribble" at (352,300) rotate(-18) and Mersey at (362,350) rotate(4). - Lune: (330,235) rotate(70)? Lune flows S then W: label at (332,232) rotate(72)? Hmm near Lancaster (320,248). Put "Lune" at (338,225) rotate(70). - Wye: label at (350,530) rotate(75)? Wye flows S from Hereford: at (355,525) rotate(-70)? Hereford (329,500), Ross (342,519): direction SE then S. Label "River Wye" at (355,515) rotate(70). - Avon (Bristol): (385,600) rotate(-8) "River Avon" below Bath? Bath (364,592). Label at (385,605). - Exe: (235,650) rotate(75) "River Exe". - Tamar: (160,690) rotate(75) "River Tamar". - Dart: (215,715) rotate(40)? skip label? "Dart" small at (205,700) rotate(55)? Include small. - Medway: (640,630) rotate(-20) "River Medway". - Test/Itchen: skip labels (small). Or "Itchen" tiny. Skip. - Stour (Dorset): (390,665) rotate(20)? "Stour" small at (395,668)? Include tiny label. - Welland: skip label. - Soar: skip. - Cam: skip. - Teme: skip label? maybe tiny "Teme" at (345,470) rotate(15). Skip. - Warwickshire Avon: skip label. Also label water bodies (sea): "North Sea" right side (700,250)? rotate(90)? Typically "North Sea" horizontal at (660,180)? East of England is North Sea: place at (690,200)? Hmm viewBox width 800: east coast x~775 at Lowestoft. North Sea label at (720,250)?? that's near Norfolk coast. Place "NORTH SEA" at (700,150)? Tyne mouth at (458,126); coast at that latitude ~ (450,112). (700,150) is over sea. OK. Or letter-spaced caps, light blue-gray. "Irish Sea" at (180,250)? West coast at lat ~54: x ~ 250-270. (180,250) over sea. OK. "English Channel" at (450,740)? South coast at lat 50.7: y ~ 670. (450,740) over sea. Hmm Land's End region: (250,760)? English Channel spans south: (480,745). OK. "Bristol Channel" at (230,640)? Between Wales and Devon: (240,635). Hmm Wales is at left; Bristol Channel label at (215,600)? Coast: Minehead (253,609), Ilfracombe (188,609) — channel is north of that line? The channel is between S Wales and N Devon: around (220,580)?? Wales coast (Swansea (-3.95,51.62): (205,555)). I won't draw Wales, but label "Bristol Channel" at (225,585) rotated slightly. OK. "The Wash" label at (660,400)? The Wash center around (620,390) is land?? No—the Wash polygon: coast routes around it, so interior (620,395) is sea. Label "The Wash" at (655,375)? Hmm Skegness (634,363), Hunstanton (649,388): interior point (640,378)? Wait the coast: Hunstanton (649,388) -> King's Lynn (639,413) -> ... -> Skegness (634,363). Interior of Wash ~ (630,385)? that's inside sea region? The polygon boundary goes around the Wash, so the Wash area is OUTSIDE the land polygon = sea colored. Point (630,385): is it west of the Skegness-King's Lynn lines? The coast segments: (632,366)->(634,363) Skegness and before that (620,372),(610,380),(602,390),(605,398),(615,408),(628,414),(639,413). So the inner coast is around x 602-639, and open sea to the east. Wash center ~ (627,388). Label at (660,385)? that's near Skegness-Hunstanton line (x 634-649) — east of it is sea. Put "The Wash" at (665,380) small italic? OK. "Thames Estuary"? skip. "Humber" — label the estuary: "Humber" at (575,305) rotate(-6) italic. Yes include since Humber is a major waterway (estuary). "Solway Firth" at (300,115)? skip? maybe small at (305,112)? Border area; skip. "Morecambe Bay" small at (320,235)?? that's near Lune mouth; skip? Morecambe Bay interior ~ (300,250)? Coast: (277,242)->(290,248)->(305,252)->(302,260)->(298,266): interior sea at (292,256)? Label "Morecambe Bay" tiny at (285,245)? Might collide. Skip. "Spurn Head"? skip. Scotland label: "SCOTLAND" at (350,60)? above border. Wales: "WALES" at (220,480)? Wales is west: at lat 52, border x ~ 295-285. Wales label at (215,470) rotate(-90)? or horizontal (215,475). Place "WALES" at (215,460)?? Hmm that might overlap Bristol Channel. Wales spans lat 51.5-53.3: y from 571 to 343. Put "WALES" at (225,455) rotate(-80)? Let me just place horizontal at (215,440). Eh, fine. Also "Isle of Wight" label tiny? skip. Legend (bottom-left or bottom-right box): - Blue line: River - Dashed: Canal - Dashed gray: National border - Blue italic: Water body - Dot: City Put legend bottom-left at (30, 830)? Depends on viewBox height. Let me set viewBox: coordinates range x 28-775, y 29-768. Add margins: viewBox="0 0 820 830"? x max 775+margin=800; y max 768+margin=790; plus title space at top? Title can be HTML above SVG, or inside SVG. Let me put title inside SVG at top? The map top is Berwick y=29. If viewBox starts y=0, little room. I'll make viewBox="0 0 820 840" and shift? Simpler: keep viewBox="0 0 820 800", title as HTML heading above the SVG, legend as an SVG group bottom-left (10,690)? Bottom-left is over the Atlantic/Celtic Sea near Cornwall (Land's End (28,753), Lizard (80,768))... bottom-left corner (0-150, 700-800) is sea. Legend box there works: x 8-200, y 640-790? Actually Land's End x=28 — legend would overlap Cornwall's tip? Cornwall points: (92,709),(52,736),(28,753),(45,747),(80,768),(93,744)... Legend box from x=110 to 300, y=700-790? That covers sea SW of Cornwall? Points near: (136,721) Fowey, (155,718), (186,716) Plymouth... those are land/coast. Sea below y~730 from x 100-300: yes mostly sea (Plymouth coast at y~716-726, so y>735 is sea there). Legend at (105,735) size 260x60? Two-row legend. Hmm, alternatively place legend in the North Sea bottom-right: (600,700)-(800,790) — that's sea (Kent coast at y~590-650; sea below). Bottom-right corner: yes sea. Legend bottom-right at (585,705), 225x85. Compass rose: top-right over North Sea at (730,80)? North Sea at top-right: coast at (428,51),(400,29); sea to the east. (720,70) fine. Draw simple compass: circle + N arrow. Title: HTML

+ subtitle. Also could be inside SVG; HTML is easier for styling. Scale bar? Nice touch: bottom-right near legend: "0 — 50 — 100 km". Scale: x scale = 100 px per degree lon * 68 km/deg(at 52.5°) ≈ 0.68 km/px?? So 100 km ≈ 147 px. Hmm at latitude 52.5, 1° lon = 111.32cos(52.5)=67.7 km. So px per km = 100/67.7 = 1.477. 100 km = 148 px. Scale bar: 0 to 100 km, ticks at 50. Draw in legend area. y scale: 127 px per degree lat; 1° lat = 111.2 km → 1.143 px/km. There's projection distortion (x stretched 1.477 vs y 1.143) — typical equirectangular. The map will look slightly wide; acceptable, or I could adjust. Actually to reduce distortion I chose 127 vs 100 — ratio 1.27 vs true ratio (111.2/67.7)=1.64?? Hmm: for conformal look, pixels per degree lat / pixels per degree lon should equal (km per deg lat)/(km per deg lon) = 111.2/67.7 = 1.643. I used 127/100=1.27 — that makes England look wider/squatter than reality. Let me increase y-scale to 150: then ratio 1.5, closer. Or reduce x-scale to 80: 127/80=1.59 ≈ good. Let me recompute all coordinates with x=(lon+6)80, y=(56-lat)127? Then max x: 1.75+6=7.7580=620; y max (56-49.96)=6.04127=767. Width 620, height 767 — tall map. Alternatively y=(56-lat)131, x=(lon+6)80: ratio 1.64 exactly. y max = 6.04131=791. viewBox ~ 0 0 660 830. Hmm, recomputing everything by hand is error-prone but doable — better: compute coordinates in JavaScript! I'll define all features as [lon, lat] arrays and project via JS function. That's much cleaner and lets me tweak scales easily. The SVG structure: script generates paths and appends. But some might prefer pure static SVG... The user said "Using svg tools draw me a map" — an SVG map; generating with JS is fine and renders in browser. I'll do JS-generated for accuracy, with careful structure. Plan: - index.html style page: header with title, subtitle; main SVG; footer note. - JS: const proj = ([lon,lat]) => [ (lon - lon0)sx, (lat0 - lat)sy ] with lon0=-6.2, lat0=56.2, sx=80, sy=131. Let me set lon0=-6.2, lat0=56.3: x=(lon+6.2)80 → Land's End (-5.72): 38; Lowestoft (1.75): 636. y=(56.3-lat)131 → Berwick (55.77): 69; Lizard (49.96): 831. Hmm tall: viewBox 0 0 700 880? Let me compute ranges: x from 38 to 636 (plus labels), y 69 to 831. viewBox="-10 0 720 900"? I'll add margins: viewBox="0 0 720 910", and shift everything by +30 x? Use transform on a root group: translate(20,10). Fine-tune later. Helper: smoothPath(points) using Catmull-Rom → cubic bezier; returns path d string. For closed shapes (coastline) use closed Catmull-Rom with Z. - Draw order: 1. Sea rect with gradient + subtle wave pattern? Keep simple: gradient. 2. Graticule lines (light, every 1°) — nice cartographic touch, very light. 3. England land polygon (fill #f2ead8 parchment, stroke #8a9a7b or coastline stroke #6b8e6f?). Actually classic: land fill #faf3e3, coastline stroke #7c9a6d? I'll pick elegant muted: fill #f6efe0, stroke #9aa58c. 4. Isle of Wight polygon. 5. Borders (Scotland, Wales): dashed gray lines over land — but border lines coincide with coastline path segments (Berwick→Gretna; Chester→Chepstow). I'll draw separate dashed polylines slightly on the land side? Just draw along same points with dashed stroke — acceptable. 6. Canals (dashed teal/gray-blue). 7. Rivers (solid blue, varying width; two-pass: casing wider lighter, core darker). 8. Estuary widening: for Thames/Humber/Severn/Wash mouths, draw additional wide translucent strokes along lower reaches. 9. City dots + labels. 10. River labels (italic). 11. Sea labels (letterspaced). 12. Neighbor labels SCOTLAND/WALES. 13. Compass rose, scale bar, legend. Fonts: use Google Fonts? External libraries need full tags — I can include to Google Fonts (allowed, must include full HTML). Use 'Cormorant Garamond' or 'EB Garamond' for labels and 'Marcellus'? I'll use system serif fallback plus Google font link: EB Garamond + maybe 'Poppins' for city names? Classic maps: cities in small caps sans or serif. I'll use: titles/labels serif (EB Garamond), city names also EB Garamond small caps-ish. Keep one font family for cohesion. Let me now write the data arrays. COAST (lon/lat), clockwise from Berwick: Scotland border (Berwick→Gretna): [-2.003,55.769],[-2.18,55.68],[-2.35,55.55],[-2.5,55.42],[-2.62,55.28],[-2.78,55.13],[-2.95,55.05],[-3.06,54.99] West coast (Gretna→south): [-3.25,54.94],[-3.4,54.86] (Silloth),[-3.5,54.72],[-3.56,54.65],[-3.59,54.55] Whitehaven,[-3.63,54.45]?,[-3.45,54.3],[-3.27,54.21],[-3.23,54.11] Barrow,[-3.0,54.03],[-2.88,54.04] Morecambe,[-2.94,53.95],[-3.02,53.92] Fleetwood?, hmm Fleetwood (-3.0,53.92); Blackpool (-3.05,53.81); Southport (-3.01,53.65); Formby (-3.07,53.56)?; Crosby (-3.04,53.5); Liverpool (-3.0,53.45); Hoylake (-3.18,53.39); (Dee) Parkgate (-3.08,53.3)?; Chester approach: border at [-2.9,53.19]. Actually Dee estuary: west shore is Wales (Flint). I'll indent: Hoylake (-3.18,53.39) → (-3.13,53.32) → (-3.05,53.25) → Chester (-2.9,53.19). Welsh border (Chester→Chepstow): [-2.9,53.19],[-2.95,53.1],[-2.99,53.05],[-2.9,52.95],[-3.05,52.86],[-3.0,52.75],[-3.14,52.66],[-3.08,52.5],[-3.05,52.35],[-3.15,52.2],[-3.13,52.07],[-3.0,52.0],[-2.95,51.93],[-2.85,51.87],[-2.72,51.81],[-2.67,51.64] Severn crossing to Avonmouth: [-2.72,51.5] South/West (Avonmouth→Land's End→): [-2.72,51.5],[-2.86,51.45],[-2.98,51.35],[-3.0,51.25],[-3.13,51.21],[-3.35,51.21]?,[-3.47,51.21] Minehead,[-3.7,51.21],[-3.9,51.22],[-4.12,51.21] Ilfracombe,[-4.24,51.05],[-4.53,51.02] Hartland,[-4.55,50.83] Bude,[-4.72,50.68],[-4.9,50.6]?,[-5.08,50.42] Newquay,[-5.3,50.3],[-5.48,50.21] St Ives,[-5.66,50.08],[-5.72,50.07] Land's End,[-5.65,50.03],[-5.55,50.12] Penzance,[-5.42,50.1]?,[-5.2,49.96] Lizard,[-5.07,50.1],[-5.05,50.15] Falmouth area,[-4.9,50.27],[-4.78,50.32],[-4.64,50.33] Fowey,[-4.45,50.35] Looe,[-4.3,50.34],[-4.14,50.37] Plymouth,[-4.1,50.32],[-3.9,50.29],[-3.78,50.28],[-3.64,50.22] Start Point,[-3.6,50.3],[-3.58,50.35] Dartmouth,[-3.53,50.44],[-3.52,50.46] Torquay,[-3.5,50.55],[-3.42,50.61],[-3.4,50.62] Exmouth,[-3.24,50.68] Sidmouth,[-3.07,50.72]?,[-2.94,50.72] Lyme Regis,[-2.76,50.71] West Bay,[-2.6,50.65]?,[-2.46,50.51] Portland Bill,[-2.43,50.57],[-2.48,50.61] Weymouth?,[-2.35,50.6],[-2.25,50.62] Lulworth,[-2.1,50.59],[-1.95,50.61] Swanage,[-1.95,50.66] Studland?,[-1.9,50.72] Bournemouth,[-1.78,50.73] Christchurch,[-1.6,50.75],[-1.5,50.78],[-1.42,50.83]?,[-1.31,50.85] Southampton head,[-1.33,50.79],[-1.25,50.77]?,[-1.1,50.79] Portsmouth,[-0.95,50.78],[-0.79,50.72] Selsey,[-0.55,50.76],[-0.33,50.81] Worthing,[-0.13,50.82] Brighton,[0.05,50.77] Newhaven,[0.24,50.74] Beachy Head,[0.4,50.79]?,[0.59,50.86] Hastings,[0.74,50.95] Rye,[0.98,50.91] Dungeness,[1.05,50.99]?,[1.17,51.08] Folkestone,[1.32,51.13] Dover,[1.4,51.22] Deal,[1.44,51.37] Ramsgate,[1.38,51.39] Margate,[1.2,51.38] Reculver,[1.02,51.36] Whitstable,[0.76,51.44] Sheerness,[0.6,51.46]?,[0.45,51.47]? Gravesend-ish south bank: actually south bank up Thames: [0.55,51.44],[0.37,51.44] Gravesend; cross: [0.4,51.48]?; north bank: [0.5,51.5] Tilbury?,[0.62,51.52],[0.71,51.54] Southend,[0.85,51.62],[1.0,51.72]?,[1.15,51.79] Clacton,[1.29,51.94] Felixstowe,[1.45,52.05]?,[1.6,52.15] Aldeburgh,[1.68,52.33] Southwold,[1.75,52.48] Lowestoft,[1.73,52.6] Gt Yarmouth,[1.62,52.72]?,[1.5,52.83] Happisburgh?,[1.3,52.93] Cromer,[1.1,52.94],[0.95,52.96] Wells,[0.7,52.97]?,[0.49,52.95] Hunstanton,[0.45,52.85]?,[0.39,52.75] King's Lynn,[0.25,52.77]?,[0.1,52.83]?,[-0.02,52.97] Boston corner? Hmm the Wash SW corner: Boston is inland up the Witham; the Wash corner near [-0.05,52.95]?,[0.05,53.05]?,[0.15,53.1]?,[0.32,53.1] Gibraltar Point,[0.34,53.15] Skegness,[0.3,53.25],[0.27,53.35] Mablethorpe,[0.15,53.45],[0.0,53.54]?,[-0.05,53.56] Cleethorpes,[0.0,53.58]?, then up Humber south bank: [-0.08,53.6],[-0.2,53.63],[-0.32,53.66],[-0.45,53.68],[-0.55,53.7],[-0.69,53.7] Trent Falls; north bank: [-0.6,53.72],[-0.45,53.73],[-0.33,53.74] Hull,[-0.2,53.72],[-0.05,53.68],[0.05,53.63],[0.15,53.58] Spurn,[0.1,53.65]?,[0.03,53.72] Withernsea,[-0.05,53.85]?,[-0.13,53.95],[-0.19,54.08] Bridlington,[-0.08,54.12] Flamborough,[-0.2,54.18]?,[-0.29,54.21] Filey,[-0.4,54.28] Scarborough,[-0.5,54.38]?,[-0.6,54.48] Whitby,[-0.75,54.55]?,[-0.9,54.58],[-1.05,54.6],[-1.15,54.63] Tees mouth,[-1.18,54.67],[-1.2,54.69] Hartlepool,[-1.28,54.78],[-1.35,54.85],[-1.38,54.9] Sunderland,[-1.37,54.96],[-1.42,55.0] Tynemouth,[-1.47,55.07],[-1.5,55.12] Blyth,[-1.55,55.2],[-1.58,55.33] Amble,[-1.6,55.42],[-1.61,55.5],[-1.65,55.58] Seahouses,[-1.7,55.62]?,[-1.78,55.68] Holy Island,[-1.9,55.72],[-2.003,55.769] close. That's ~150 points — great for a detailed coastline. Smoothing will make it pretty. Isle of Wight polygon: [-1.57,50.66],[-1.45,50.7],[-1.3,50.72]?,[-1.29,50.7] Newport,[-1.16,50.73] Ryde,[-1.08,50.68] Bembridge,[-1.12,50.64],[-1.2,50.6] Ventnor,[-1.3,50.58],[-1.42,50.61],[-1.5,50.64] close. Now rivers (final lon/lat arrays): THAMES: [-2.09,51.69],[-1.85,51.68],[-1.69,51.7],[-1.5,51.69],[-1.26,51.75],[-1.28,51.67],[-1.12,51.6],[-0.98,51.45],[-0.9,51.54]?? wait order: after Reading (-0.98,51.45) → Henley (-0.9,51.53) → Marlow (-0.78,51.57) → Windsor (-0.6,51.48)?? Windsor lat 51.48 < Marlow 51.57 — yes river bends south. Points: ...,[-0.98,51.45],[-0.9,51.53],[-0.78,51.57],[-0.6,51.48],[-0.51,51.43],[-0.34,51.41],[-0.3,51.44]?? Kingston (-0.3,51.41), then London (-0.21,51.47)?,[-0.13,51.5],[0.02,51.5],[0.22,51.45],[0.37,51.44],[0.5,51.49]? estuary end. Wait: the coastline already routes up to Gravesend (0.37,51.44) & Tilbury; river should end ~ (0.45,51.47). I'll end Thames at [0.45,51.48]. SEVERN: [-3.05,52.62] (near Welshpool/border),[-2.94,52.6],[-2.83,52.65],[-2.75,52.71] Shrewsbury,[-2.7,52.68],[-2.6,52.62],[-2.48,52.63] Ironbridge,[-2.4,52.55],[-2.32,52.38] Bewdley,[-2.25,52.3],[-2.22,52.19] Worcester,[-2.2,52.1],[-2.16,51.99] Tewkesbury,[-2.2,51.93],[-2.24,51.86] Gloucester,[-2.3,51.8],[-2.42,51.74],[-2.5,51.7],[-2.55,51.63],[-2.62,51.58],[-2.72,51.55],[-2.85,51.52]? end near Avonmouth [-2.72,51.5]. End: [-2.8,51.53]. WYE: [-2.95,52.06],[-2.85,52.04],[-2.71,52.06] Hereford,[-2.62,52.0],[-2.58,51.91] Ross,[-2.65,51.85],[-2.71,51.81] Monmouth,[-2.68,51.72],[-2.67,51.64] Chepstow. AVON_BRISTOL: [-2.28,51.54],[-2.12,51.46] Chippenham,[-2.2,51.42] Melksham?,[-2.25,51.35] Bradford,[-2.36,51.38] Bath,[-2.5,51.42] Keynsham,[-2.59,51.45] Bristol,[-2.63,51.47],[-2.72,51.5] Avonmouth. AVON_WARWICK: [-1.71,52.19] Stratford,[-1.85,52.13],[-1.95,52.09] Evesham,[-2.05,52.02],[-2.16,51.99] Tewkesbury. TEME: [-2.72,52.37] Ludlow,[-2.6,52.31],[-2.45,52.35]?,[-2.3,52.32]?,[-2.22,52.19] Worcester. Simplify: [-2.72,52.37],[-2.55,52.33],[-2.4,52.31],[-2.22,52.19]. TRENT: [-2.17,53.07],[-2.18,53.02] Stoke,[-2.1,52.95],[-2.0,52.9],[-1.85,52.85],[-1.63,52.8] Burton,[-1.45,52.82],[-1.28,52.86],[-1.15,52.95] Nottingham,[-1.0,52.97]?,[-0.81,53.08] Newark,[-0.8,53.2],[-0.77,53.4] Gainsborough,[-0.75,53.55],[-0.69,53.7] Trent Falls. SOAR: [-1.08,52.55]? Leicester (-1.14,52.63): [[-1.14,52.63],[-1.15,52.72],[-1.2,52.77] Loughborough,[-1.25,52.83],[-1.28,52.86] join Trent]. DERWENT_DERBY: skip. GREAT_OUSE: [-1.15,52.04],[-0.99,51.99] Buckingham,[-0.76,52.04] MK,[-0.6,52.09],[-0.47,52.14] Bedford,[-0.34,52.19],[-0.27,52.23] St Neots,[-0.18,52.33] Huntingdon,[-0.08,52.34]?,[0.03,52.35] Earith,[0.15,52.38],[0.26,52.4] Ely,[0.3,52.46],[0.34,52.52],[0.38,52.6] Downham,[0.39,52.68],[0.39,52.75] King's Lynn. CAM: [0.12,52.2] Cambridge,[0.15,52.28],[0.2,52.34],[0.26,52.4] Ely. NENE: [-1.05,52.26],[-0.9,52.24] Northampton,[-0.8,52.27],[-0.7,52.3] Wellingborough,[-0.6,52.36],[-0.54,52.4] Thrapston,[-0.45,52.45],[-0.35,52.5],[-0.24,52.57] Peterborough,[-0.13,52.56],[0.0,52.55],[0.09,52.55] March,[0.16,52.66] Wisbech,[0.19,52.75],[0.2,52.85] mouth. WELLAND: [-0.92,52.48],[-0.7,52.55]?,[-0.48,52.65] Stamford,[-0.3,52.72],[-0.18,52.79] Spalding,[-0.05,52.84],[0.05,52.88]? mouth near [0.1,52.9]? Welland mouth: Fosdyke ~ [-0.02,52.87]. End [-0.0,52.88]. WITHAM: [-0.78,52.85],[-0.64,52.92] Grantham,[-0.58,53.05],[-0.55,53.15],[-0.54,53.23] Lincoln,[-0.45,53.2]?,[-0.32,53.1] Bardney,[-0.2,53.05],[-0.1,53.0],[-0.02,52.97] Boston,[0.02,52.92]? mouth [0.05,52.9]. YORK_OUSE: [-1.4,54.09] Boroughbridge,[-1.32,54.03],[-1.2,54.0],[-1.08,53.96] York,[-1.09,53.87],[-1.07,53.78] Selby,[-0.95,53.73],[-0.88,53.7] Goole,[-0.78,53.7],[-0.69,53.7] Trent Falls. SWALE: [-1.95,54.4],[-1.85,54.38],[-1.74,54.4] Richmond,[-1.6,54.37],[-1.5,54.3],[-1.45,54.2],[-1.43,54.12],[-1.4,54.09] join. AIRE: [-2.14,54.07],[-2.03,53.96] Skipton,[-1.91,53.87] Keighley,[-1.75,53.84],[-1.55,53.8] Leeds,[-1.45,53.76],[-1.36,53.73] Castleford,[-1.2,53.72],[-1.0,53.73],[-0.9,53.72] join near Goole. WHARFE: [-2.0,54.0],[-1.82,53.93] Ilkley,[-1.6,53.91] Otley,[-1.45,53.9] Wetherby,[-1.26,53.88] Tadcaster,[-1.13,53.83] Cawood join. TYNE: [-2.35,54.97]? South Tyne from Alston [-2.44,54.82]?, North Tyne from [-2.55,55.15]? Just draw main stem from Hexham: [-2.15,54.95],[-2.1,54.97] Hexham,[-1.9,54.96],[-1.75,54.95],[-1.61,54.97] Newcastle,[-1.5,54.98],[-1.42,55.01] mouth. Plus short South Tyne: [-2.35,54.9],[-2.25,54.92],[-2.1,54.97]. And North Tyne: [-2.35,55.1],[-2.2,55.05],[-2.1,54.97]. Include both short branches. WEAR: [-2.22,54.75],[-2.1,54.73],[-1.95,54.72] Stanhope,[-1.8,54.7],[-1.68,54.66] Bishop Auckland,[-1.6,54.72],[-1.58,54.78] Durham,[-1.56,54.84],[-1.57,54.86],[-1.5,54.9],[-1.38,54.91] Sunderland. TEES: [-2.45,54.65]?,[-2.3,54.62],[-2.08,54.63] Middleton,[-1.92,54.54] Barnard Castle,[-1.75,54.5],[-1.55,54.52] Darlington,[-1.45,54.5],[-1.35,54.51] Yarm,[-1.32,54.57] Stockton,[-1.23,54.57] Middlesbrough,[-1.18,54.6],[-1.15,54.63] mouth. EDEN: [-2.3,54.38],[-2.35,54.47] Kirkby Stephen,[-2.45,54.53],[-2.49,54.58] Appleby,[-2.6,54.62],[-2.75,54.66] Penrith,[-2.85,54.75],[-2.9,54.82],[-2.94,54.89] Carlisle,[-3.05,54.9],[-3.2,54.9],[-3.3,54.9] Solway. LUNE: [-2.6,54.45],[-2.6,54.3],[-2.6,54.2] Kirkby Lonsdale,[-2.64,54.11] Hornby,[-2.72,54.07],[-2.8,54.05] Lancaster,[-2.88,54.0],[-2.92,53.97] mouth. RIBBLE: [-2.3,54.18],[-2.28,54.07] Settle,[-2.32,54.0],[-2.35,53.95],[-2.39,53.87] Clitheroe,[-2.5,53.82],[-2.6,53.78],[-2.7,53.76] Preston,[-2.8,53.75],[-2.92,53.73] mouth. MERSEY: [-2.16,53.41] Stockport,[-2.25,53.42],[-2.35,53.41],[-2.42,53.44] Irlam,[-2.52,53.42],[-2.6,53.39] Warrington,[-2.7,53.36],[-2.76,53.34] Runcorn,[-2.85,53.36],[-2.92,53.38],[-2.97,53.42] Liverpool,[-3.02,53.47] mouth. IRWELL: [-2.3,53.5]? Manchester [-2.24,53.48],[-2.32,53.48],[-2.38,53.46],[-2.42,53.44] join. DEE: [-2.99,53.14]? Farndon,[-2.9,53.19] Chester,[-2.95,53.24],[-3.05,53.25],[-3.13,53.32] estuary? End at coast near Hoylake: the Dee estuary channel hugs Welsh side; end [-3.1,53.3]. EXE: [-3.78,51.13],[-3.68,51.05],[-3.6,51.0],[-3.49,50.9] Tiverton,[-3.48,50.8],[-3.53,50.72] Exeter,[-3.5,50.65],[-3.42,50.62] Exmouth. TAMAR: [-4.52,50.85],[-4.5,50.75],[-4.42,50.7],[-4.35,50.64] Launceston,[-4.3,50.55],[-4.22,50.48],[-4.2,50.43],[-4.17,50.39] Plymouth. DART: [-3.95,50.58],[-3.85,50.53],[-3.78,50.48] Buckfastleigh,[-3.72,50.43] Totnes,[-3.65,50.38],[-3.58,50.35] Dartmouth. MEDWAY: [-0.05,51.1],[0.1,51.14],[0.27,51.2] Tonbridge,[0.4,51.24],[0.52,51.27] Maidstone,[0.55,51.33],[0.5,51.39] Rochester,[0.58,51.41],[0.74,51.44] mouth. STOUR_DORSET: [-2.32,51.08],[-2.25,51.0],[-2.16,50.86] Blandford,[-2.05,50.82],[-1.99,50.8] Wimborne,[-1.9,50.76],[-1.78,50.73] Christchurch. AVON_HANTS: [-1.8,51.07] Salisbury,[-1.78,51.0],[-1.79,50.93] Fordingbridge,[-1.8,50.85],[-1.78,50.76],[-1.78,50.73] join Christchurch. TEST: [-1.26,51.24],[-1.35,51.18],[-1.46,51.11] Stockbridge,[-1.5,50.99] Romsey,[-1.48,50.93],[-1.42,50.88] Redbridge/Soton Water. ITCHEN: [-1.15,51.09],[-1.31,51.06] Winchester,[-1.32,50.98],[-1.35,50.92],[-1.37,50.9] Southampton. That's a comprehensive river set (~30 features). Canals (dashed): GRAND_UNION: [-0.13,51.5] London,[-0.34,51.5]?,[-0.48,51.55] Uxbridge,[-0.55,51.62],[-0.4,51.66] Watford?,[-0.56,51.73]?,[-0.66,51.79] Tring,[-0.72,51.85],[-0.66,51.92] Leighton,[-0.76,52.04] MK?,[-0.85,52.1],[-1.0,52.18],[-1.08,52.23] Weedon,[-1.2,52.29] Braunston,[-1.3,52.33],[-1.45,52.35],[-1.58,52.28] Warwick,[-1.7,52.38],[-1.8,52.45],[-1.9,52.48] Birmingham. OXFORD_CANAL: [-1.26,51.75] Oxford,[-1.3,51.85],[-1.32,51.95],[-1.34,52.06] Banbury,[-1.28,52.15],[-1.35,52.25],[-1.45,52.35],[-1.51,52.41] Coventry. TRENT_MERSEY: [-1.28,52.86] Derwent Mouth,[-1.5,52.85],[-1.63,52.8] Burton,[-1.85,52.85],[-2.05,52.9],[-2.15,52.9] Stone,[-2.18,53.02] Stoke,[-2.24,53.08] Kidsgrove,[-2.35,53.15],[-2.44,53.19] Middlewich,[-2.52,53.26] Northwich,[-2.6,53.32],[-2.65,53.34] Preston Brook,[-2.7,53.36]? join Mersey near Runcorn. LEEDS_LIVERPOOL: [-1.55,53.8] Leeds,[-1.7,53.85],[-1.82,53.93],[-1.95,53.97],[-2.03,53.96] Skipton,[-2.1,53.9],[-2.18,53.84],[-2.24,53.79] Burnley,[-2.35,53.77],[-2.48,53.75] Blackburn,[-2.55,53.7],[-2.6,53.62],[-2.63,53.55] Wigan,[-2.7,53.5],[-2.8,53.45],[-2.9,53.43],[-2.97,53.42] Liverpool. KENNET_AVON: [-0.98,51.45] Reading,[-1.15,51.42],[-1.32,51.4] Newbury,[-1.52,51.41] Hungerford,[-1.7,51.42],[-1.85,51.38],[-2.0,51.35] Devizes,[-2.15,51.36],[-2.3,51.37],[-2.36,51.38] Bath. Also maybe Bridgwater? no. Cotswold? no. Add "Leeds & Liverpool", "Grand Union", "Oxford", "Trent & Mersey", "Kennet & Avon" — good. Cities with label offsets (dx, dy, anchor): - London [-0.13,51.51] — label right: "London" big-ish. - Birmingham [-1.9,52.48] — label left or above. - Manchester [-2.24,53.48] — label left (anchor end? no, label to left = anchor end at x-6). Actually put label right? Mersey river nearby. Manchester label above-left: anchor end, dy -4. - Liverpool [-2.99,53.43] — label below-left? Sea to west. Put label right? That's over Mersey. Put above: anchor middle dy -6? Liverpool at coast; label above: (x, y-7) middle. OK. - Leeds [-1.55,53.8] — label above. - Sheffield [-1.47,53.38] — label right. - Newcastle [-1.61,54.97] — label above? "Newcastle" above the dot, but Tyne label also there. Newcastle label above-left? Place above: dy -7, anchor middle. Tyne label below river. - Bristol [-2.59,51.45] — label right? Avon river there. Label left: anchor end? Bristol near coast; label above-left: anchor end, dy -5. - Nottingham [-1.15,52.95] — label above-right? Trent flows through. Label above: dy -6. - York [-1.08,53.96] — label right. - Hull [-0.33,53.74] — label above? Humber label below estuary. Hull label above dot. - Norwich [1.3,52.63] — label right. - Cambridge [0.12,52.2] — label right? above? put right. - Oxford [-1.26,51.75] — label above? Thames label below. Oxford label above: dy -6. - Southampton [-1.37,50.9] — label right? coast. Label above-right: dx 6 anchor start? Southampton at head of water; label above: dy -6. - Exeter [-3.53,50.72] — label right? Exe river. Label right: dx 6. - Plymouth [-4.14,50.37] — label above? coast below. Label above: dy -6. Or left. Above fine. - Carlisle [-2.94,54.89] — label above: dy -6. - Gloucester [-2.24,51.86] — label right? Severn flows through. Label left: anchor end. Hmm Wye/Hereford west. Gloucester label right (start, dx 6). City dots: radius 3, fill #b03a2e? Classic: small circle with dark fill (#333) or star for London. I'll use dark dots (#444) with London slightly bigger. River labels — list with position (lon/lat), rotation (degrees, screen), text: - "Thames" at [-0.85,51.62]?? screen near (x( -0.85), y(51.62)). Let me compute screen coords after projection in JS anyway — but rotation needs to look right. I'll specify label positions in lon/lat and rotation manually tuned. Since I can't preview, choose sensible rotations: - Thames: pos (-0.85, 51.6), rotate -12 → hmm the stretch Reading→Windsor goes ENE: on screen, east-northeast with y-scale 131: direction vector from Reading (-0.98,51.45) to Henley (-0.9,51.53): dx=0.0880=6.4, dy=-0.08131=-10.5 → angle atan2(-10.5,6.4) ≈ -59°. Steep! Between Windsor→London: (-0.6,51.48)→(-0.13,51.5): dx=37.6, dy=-2.6 → ~-4°. So lower Thames is horizontal. Put "River Thames" label at (-0.35,51.52)? that's near Kingston-London; but London label at (-0.13,51.51) nearby. Put Thames label at (-0.55,51.55) rotate -6? Windsor at (-0.6,51.48)... place at (-0.5,51.57) rotate -8. Hmm Staines area. OK: pos (-0.5,51.58), rotate -5. Actually better: label "Thames" along Oxford-Reading reach: Oxford (-1.26,51.75) → Wallingford (-1.12,51.6): dx=11.2, dy=19.7 → angle 60° (steep down). Label rotate 60 at (-1.32,51.66)? near Oxford label... I'll go with lower Thames horizontal label at (-0.45,51.56) rotate -4, text "River Thames". - Severn: reach Shrewsbury→Worcester: (-2.75,52.71)→(-2.22,52.19): dx=42.4, dy=68.1 → angle 58°. Label at (-2.5,52.4) rotate 58? That's Ironbridge-Bewdley. Place pos (-2.42,52.42) rotate 62, "River Severn". - Trent: reach Newark→Gainsborough: (-0.81,53.08)→(-0.77,53.4): dx=3.2, dy=-41.9 → angle -86° (nearly vertical, going up). Label rotate -86 at (-0.72,53.25)? place east of river: pos (-0.68,53.25) rotate -88, "River Trent". Vertical text. OK. - Great Ouse: reach Bedford→St Neots: (-0.47,52.14)→(-0.27,52.23): dx=16, dy=-11.8 → -36°. Label at (-0.5,52.22) rotate -30, "River Great Ouse"? text "Great Ouse". Place (-0.55,52.2) rotate -28. - Nene: reach Wellingborough→Thrapston: (-0.7,52.3)→(-0.54,52.4): dx=12.8, dy=-13.1 → -46°. Label (-0.62,52.42) rotate -40, "Nene". - Welland: skip. - Witham: reach Bardney→Boston: (-0.32,53.1)→(-0.02,52.97): dx=24, dy=17 → 35°. Label (-0.2,53.12) rotate 32, "Witham". - Yorkshire Ouse: reach York→Selby: (-1.08,53.96)→(-1.07,53.78): dx=0.8, dy=23.6 → 88°. Label (-1.0,53.86) rotate 85, "Ouse". Place east of river. - Swale: skip label? "Swale" tiny at (-1.65,54.42) rotate -10? Include small? Skip. - Aire: reach Keighley→Leeds: (-1.91,53.87)→(-1.55,53.8): dx=28.8, dy=9.2 → 18°. Label (-1.75,53.9) rotate 14, "Aire". Hmm Leeds label at (-1.55,53.8) above; Aire label at (-1.78,53.91) fine. - Wharfe: skip? tiny "Wharfe" at (-1.5,53.95) rotate 10? Include small. - Tyne: reach Hexham→Newcastle: (-2.1,54.97)→(-1.61,54.97): horizontal. Label (-1.95,55.0) rotate 0, "Tyne"? Newcastle label above at (-1.61,54.97). Place Tyne at (-1.9,55.01) rotate 0. OK. - Wear: reach Bishop Auckland→Durham: (-1.68,54.66)→(-1.58,54.78): dx=8, dy=-15.7 → -63°. Label (-1.72,54.74) rotate -55, "Wear". - Tees: reach Barnard Castle→Darlington: (-1.92,54.54)→(-1.55,54.52): dx=29.6, dy=2.6 → 5°. Label (-1.75,54.58) rotate 4, "Tees". - Eden: reach Penrith→Carlisle: (-2.75,54.66)→(-2.94,54.89): dx=-15.2, dy=-30 → atan2(-30,-15.2) → 180+63= -117 → equivalently 63 reversed: text along NW direction: rotate -63? Text should read uphill-left; standard: rotate = angle of direction, flipping if >90. Direction angle = atan2(-30, -15.2) = -116.8° → normalize to 63° (flip text) → label rotate 63? That reads from Carlisle side... Cartographically fine. Use rotate -63 with text on the other side: pos (-2.82,54.78) rotate -63. Reading direction NW. OK choose -63. - Lune: reach Kirkby Lonsdale→Lancaster: (-2.6,54.2)→(-2.8,54.05): dx=-16, dy=19.7 → angle atan2(19.7,-16)=129° → flip -51°. Label (-2.5,54.14) rotate 55? Let me just place "Lune" at (-2.55,54.18) rotate 72?? Ugh. Simplify: place "Lune" near Lancaster at (-2.72,54.1) rotate 60. It'll look fine. - Ribble: reach Settle→Clitheroe: (-2.28,54.07)→(-2.39,53.87): dx=-8.8, dy=26.2 → 108.5 → flip -71.5. Label (-2.3,53.98) rotate 70, "Ribble". - Mersey: reach Warrington→Runcorn: (-2.6,53.39)→(-2.76,53.34): dx=-12.8, dy=6.6 → 153° → flip -27°. Label (-2.68,53.44) rotate -10? Place above estuary horizontal: (-2.7,53.43) rotate -8, "Mersey". - Dee: skip label? tiny "Dee" at (-3.0,53.26) rotate -30. Include small. - Wye: reach Hereford→Ross: (-2.71,52.06)→(-2.58,51.91): dx=10.4, dy=19.7 → 62°. Label (-2.62,52.0) rotate 60, "Wye". - Avon (Bristol): reach Chippenham→Bath: (-2.12,51.46)→(-2.36,51.38): dx=-19.2, dy=10.5 → 151° → flip -29°. Label (-2.2,51.47) rotate -25, "Avon". Hmm might collide Kennet & Avon canal. Place (-2.22,51.49) rotate -22. - Avon (Warwickshire): skip label or tiny: skip. - Teme: skip. - Exe: reach Tiverton→Exeter: (-3.49,50.9)→(-3.53,50.72): dx=-3.2, dy=23.6 → 98° → flip -82°. Label (-3.45,50.82) rotate 78, "Exe". - Tamar: reach Launceston→Plymouth: (-4.35,50.64)→(-4.17,50.39): dx=14.4, dy=32.8 → 66°. Label (-4.28,50.55) rotate 68, "Tamar". - Dart: reach Buckfastleigh→Totnes: (-3.78,50.48)→(-3.72,50.43): dx=4.8, dy=6.6 → 54°. Label (-3.8,50.44) rotate 40, "Dart" small. - Medway: reach Tonbridge→Maidstone: (0.27,51.2)→(0.52,51.27): dx=20, dy=-9.2 → -25°. Label (0.38,51.3) rotate -20, "Medway". - Stour (Dorset): (-2.1,50.88) rotate 20, "Stour" small. - Humber: ( -0.45,53.76 )? estuary center (-0.45,53.71); label above estuary: pos (-0.45,53.77) rotate -2, "Humber" italic. Hmm Hull label at (-0.33,53.74) above — collision. Hull label move to above-right; Humber label at (-0.55,53.76). OK. - Thames estuary? skip. - Morecambe Bay: skip? Maybe label "Morecambe Bay" italic at (-2.85,54.0)?? near Lune mouth; skip. - The Wash: (0.35,52.95)?? center of Wash ~ (0.3,52.9): label "The Wash" rotate 0 italic small at (0.33,52.92)? Hunstanton (0.49,52.95), Skegness (0.34,53.15): point (0.35,52.95) is inside Wash? The inner coast goes King's Lynn (0.39,52.75) → west side → Gibraltar Pt (0.32,53.1). Interior point (0.33,52.93) — likely just inside sea area. OK label at (0.36,52.95) rotate 0? Might overlap coast. Put at (0.45,53.0) rotate 0. - Solway Firth: (-3.15,54.86)? label at (-3.2,54.85) rotate 0 small? Near Eden mouth. skip? Include small "Solway Firth" at (-3.2,54.82)? Might clutter with Carlisle label. Skip. Sea labels (letterspaced caps, fill #7ca6c4 or similar): - "NORTH SEA" at (1.1,54.4)? Screen: x=(1.1+6.2)80=584, y=(56.3-54.4)131=249. Coast at lat 54.4 ~ Whitby x=-0.6→(448). So (584,249) is sea. But Lowestoft coast x=636... label at lon 1.1, lat 54.4 fine. Maybe rotate 0. Or two words stacked. Use letter-spacing 3. - "IRISH SEA" at (-3.7,53.8)? x=(-3.7+6.2)80=200, y=(56.3-53.8)131=327.5. Coast near lat 53.8: Blackpool x=-3.05→252. (200,327) is sea. OK. Maybe (-3.8,53.6): x=192,y=353. Use (-3.75,53.7). - "ENGLISH CHANNEL" at (-0.6,50.35)? x=(−0.6+6.2)80=448, y=(56.3−50.35)131=779.5. South coast lat 50.35 ~ y=779; hmm too close to bottom (viewBox ~860 tall). Coast at that longitude: Brighton y (50.82)→717. So (448, 779) is sea, fine. Or (-1.6,50.4): x=368, y=773 — near IoW (IoW bottom y: 50.58→749). (368,773) fine? IoW x range 443-492... wait x=(-1.6+6.2)80=368. IoW west x=(-1.57+6.2)80=370. IoW south y ~ (56.3-50.58)131=749. Label at (368,790)? below IoW — sea. Choose (-1.5,50.25): x=376, y=793. Hmm "ENGLISH CHANNEL" is wide text (~150px at 16px letterspaced). Center it at x=430: lon = 430/80-6.2 = -0.825; lat 50.3 → y=786. OK pos (-0.85,50.3). - "BRISTOL CHANNEL" at (-3.6,51.35)? x=208, y=649. Coast: Minehead (-3.47,51.21) x=222,y=667; Wales not drawn but water region between. (208,649) fine? Ilfracombe (-4.12,51.21) x=166,y=667 — label between x 166-222 at y 649: OK sea (channel). pos (-3.6,51.33), small. - "CELTIC SEA"? skip. - "The Wash" as above. Neighbor labels: - "SCOTLAND" at (-2.6,55.35)? x=288, y=124.4?? lat 55.35 → y=(56.3-55.35)131=124.5. Hmm that's near border region; Scotland is north of border line. Border at lat 55.3 → y=131. Label above border: lat 55.45 → y=111; x: Scotland interior (-2.6): 288. pos (-2.65,55.42) → (284,115). OK letterspaced gray. - "WALES" at (-3.5,52.6)? x=216, y=484. Border at lat 52.6 ~ x -3.1→248. (216,484) is Wales. OK. Maybe rotate -75 along border? horizontal fine. - "IRELAND"? skip. "Isle of Man"? skip. Legend box: bottom-right. viewBox height: max y = Lizard (49.96) → (56.3-49.96)131=830.5; plus label English Channel y 786-800; plus margins → viewBox 0 0 720 880? x max: Lowestoft 636 + labels (Norwich label right: x(1.3)=600+30=630; North Sea label at 584 + ~100 = 684; Felixstowe coast x(1.29)=600; Aldeburgh x(1.6)=624; so east labels to ~690. viewBox width 720 OK. Legend placement: bottom-right (x 470-705, y 780-870)? South-east sea area: Kent coast at (1.44,51.37): x=611,y=647; below that is sea. Bottom-right corner free. Legend at (480,790) size ~230x80. But "ENGLISH CHANNEL" label at y~786 x~360-510 — collision? Shift channel label left: center x 380 → lon -1.45. pos (-1.45,50.28) → x=380, y=788. Text width ~170 → spans 295-465. Legend at x>490. OK. Compass: top-right at (655,95)? North Sea coast: Berwick (400→x=(-2+6.2)80=336,y=69.4); coast near (428,51)?? recompute: Bamburgh (-1.7,55.62): x=360,y=89. Sea east of x~370 at top. Compass at (630,110) safe. Also "SCOTLAND" label at (284,115) top-center-left. Fine. Scale bar in legend area: 100 km. At lat 53: px/km x = 80/(111.32cos53°) = 80/67 = 1.194. 100 km ≈ 119 px. I'll draw 0-50-100 km bar ~120 px inside legend. Now, graticule: vertical lines at integer lon from -6 to 2, horizontal at integer lat 50-56, light stroke rgba(0,60,120,0.08), with small edge tick labels? Tick labels add authenticity: label lat on left, lon on bottom, tiny gray. Maybe skip labels, keep lines. I'll add subtle lines only. Smoothing: implement Catmull-Rom → Bezier: function smoothPath(pts, closed=false). For open paths: standard. For the coastline (closed), wrap around. River drawing: two strokes: casing (wider, #bcd8ea? opacity) and core (#4f8fbf). Widths vary: major (Thames, Severn, Trent, Gt Ouse, Yorkshire Ouse, Humber, Mersey, Tyne) core 2.6; medium 2.0; small 1.5. Estuary extra: draw a wider translucent stroke (e.g., 8px, opacity 0.35, same blue) on last segment? Simpler: add separate "estuary glow" paths: Thames lower (London→sea) width 9 opacity .3; Humber full width 10 opacity .3; Severn lower width 8; Wash big polygon? The Wash is already sea via coastline routing. Mersey lower width 8; Dee lower skip; Southampton Water? coastline routes handle it. Plymouth Sound? coast handles. Actually since coastline routes around estuaries (Thames to Gravesend/Tilbury, Humber to Trent Falls, Wash around, Dee to Chester, Southampton Water, Morecambe), the estuary shapes are already sea-colored — great, no extra work needed except maybe a short wide stroke connecting river end to estuary. Good. Canal style: stroke #7a9aad, width 1.4, dash "5 3", opacity 0.9. Borders: stroke #9b9b8a, width 1.2, dash "6 4". Draw along border point arrays (subset of coast): Scotland border array (8 points), Wales border array (16 points) — draw as open smooth paths. Labels styling: - River labels: font italic, fill #2f6d9e, size 12-14, letter-spacing 0.5. - Sea labels: fill #6d9cbd, size 15, letter-spacing 4, non-italic caps? Use small italic? Classic: caps italic light. I'll do normal (non-italic) caps, letterspacing 4, opacity .8. - City: fill #333, size 11.5, non-italic, with dot. - Country (SCOTLAND/WALES): fill #8a8a7a, size 13, letterspacing 3. - London: size 14 bold-ish. Compass rose: at (635,105): circle r 22 stroke, star polygon N pointer, "N" label. Draw simple elegant: two triangles (N/S) + E/W small, in #6d9cbd/#333. Title block: HTML above SVG: "Major Waterways of England" big serif, subtitle "Principal rivers, estuaries & canals". Ornament line. Also small note bottom: "Stylised map — not to scale"? The scale bar exists; say "Schematic representation". Frame: SVG has a decorative border rect (double border): outer rect stroke #8a9a7b, inner offset. Let me also double check projection extremes with lon0=6.2 offset, lat0=56.3, sx=80, sy=131: - Min x: Land's End -5.72 → (0.48)80=38.4. St Ives -5.48→57.6. Min label maybe Tamar source -4.52. So x min ~38. Add left margin: viewBox x from -20? Or shift all +? I'll set viewBox="-30 -20 760 930"? Compute y max: Lizard 830.5; English Channel label at 788; legend box to y ~870 if placed at 790 height 80 → 870. Compass y 83-127 fine. SCOTLAND at 115. Berwick 69. Title inside? I'll put title in HTML, so top margin small: viewBox y from 40? Actually graticule from lat 56: y=(0.3)131=39. Top border near y 40-69. Let viewBox = "-25 30 745 870" → y range 30-900. Hmm legend bottom 870 → fits within 900. x range: -25 to 720: east label to 690 ok. Let me now also decide the Humber "river" path: I have coast routing up the Humber; the Humber label sits on estuary. Also draw a short wide blue line along Humber from Trent Falls to Hull to emphasize? The coast already outlines it as sea. Skip. Also draw River Hull? skip. Check Norwich label: Norwich (1.3,52.63) → x=600, y=(56.3-52.63)131=480.8. Label right → 605-650. Coast at Cromer (1.3,52.93): y=441. Norwich inland. River Wensum not drawn; fine. Cambridge (0.12,52.2) → x=506.4?? wait x=(0.12+6.2)80=505.6, y=(56.3-52.2)131=537.1. Hmm! Earlier I computed Cambridge (612,484) with old scale. New scale: x=505.6, y=537. And Ely (0.26,52.4) → x=517, y=511. King's Lynn (0.39,52.75) → x=527.2, y=465.8. Coast Hunstanton (0.49,52.95) → x=535.2, y=439.6. OK. London → x=(−0.13+6.2)80=485.6, y=(56.3−51.5)131=628.8. Birmingham (-1.9,52.48) → x=344, y=500.4. Manchester (-2.24,53.48) → x=316.8, y=369.4. Liverpool (-2.99,53.43) → x=256.8, y=376. Leeds (-1.55,53.8) → x=372, y=327.5. Sheffield (-1.47,53.38) → x=378.4, y=382.5. Newcastle (-1.61,54.97) → x=367.2, y=174.2. Bristol (-2.59,51.45) → x=288.8, y=637.2. Nottingham (-1.15,52.95) → x=404, y=439. York (-1.08,53.96) → x=409.6, y=305.6. Hull (-0.33,53.74) → x=469.6, y=335.4. Southampton (-1.37,50.9) → x=386.4, y=707.4. Exeter (-3.53,50.72) → x=213.6, y=731. Plymouth (-4.14,50.37) → x=164.8, y=776.6. Carlisle (-2.94,54.89) → x=260.8, y=184.7. Gloucester (-2.24,51.86) → x=316.8, y=581.6. Oxford (-1.26,51.75) → x=395.2, y=596. Coast extremes new scale: Berwick x=336, y=69; Lowestoft x=(1.75+6.2)80=636, y=(56.3-52.48)131=500.4; Lizard x=(-5.2+6.2)80=80, y=830.5; Land's End x=38.4,y=817.5. Aldeburgh x=(1.6+6.2)80=624. Margate x=(1.38+6.2)80=606.4,y=(56.3-51.39)131=643.2. Compass at (640,120)? East of Berwick coast x336 — plenty sea. But Lowestoft coast x=636, Aldeburgh 624... compass at (645,120): near nothing (coast at that latitude ~ x 380-460). Fine. North Sea label at (584,249) → text spans ~584-700? Center at x 620: lon = 620/80-6.2=1.55. pos (1.55,54.5)? y=(56.3-54.5)131=235.8. Hmm Aldeburgh coast x=624,y=(56.3-52.15)131=543 — different latitude, fine. "NORTH SEA" centered at (615,240). But graticule... fine. IRISH SEA center: (200,330) → lon=(200/80)-6.2=-3.7, lat=56.3-330/131=53.78. pos (-3.7,53.78). ENGLISH CHANNEL center (380,790) → lon -1.45, lat 50.27. BRISTOL CHANNEL center (210,650) → lon -3.575, lat 51.34. Hmm Minehead coast x=222.4,y=(56.3-51.21)131=666.8. Label at y 650 above Minehead — but Wales isn't drawn; region (150-280, 620-670): the land polygon edge from Ilfracombe (166,667)→Hartland...→ Minehead (222,667) is south boundary; above it (y<667) is outside polygon = sea. Good, label fits at y~645. Legend bottom-right: rect from (500,795) to (700,880)? Lowestoft x=636 y=500 — far. Kent coast Margate y=643. Bottom right area y>700: sea. But "Deal" coast x=(1.4+6.2)80=608, y=(56.3-51.22)131=665.5. So legend at (505,790)-(705,875): all sea? The polygon's SE corner near (606-611, 643-666) — yes y>700 is sea. Scale bar inside legend: from x 520 to 640 (120px ≈ 100 km at lat 53). Ticks at 0, 60, 120 → labels 0, 50, 100 km. Wait, also need "The Wash" label: pos (0.45,53.0) → x=532, y=432. Hunstanton x=535,y=439.6; Skegness x=(-0.66?no (0.34+6.2)80=523.2, y=(56.3-53.15)131=412.7. Coast inner: King's Lynn x=527,y=466. Interior of Wash ~ (515,440)? Label "The Wash" centered (510,432)? Hmm Gibraltar Pt x=(0.32+6.2)80=521.6,y=424. Put label at (500,440) center, rotate 0. Check coast: inner Wash west side points: (0.25,52.77) x=516,y=463; (0.1,52.83) x=504,y=455.5; (-0.02,52.97) x=478.4,y=437.3 — wait that point is the SW corner of the Wash (Boston corner) at x=478. Hmm so Wash interior around (490-520, 430-460). Label at (500,442) OK. But wait — is (-0.02,52.97) on the coast? Boston is inland; the Wash corner around (0.0,52.95)? The actual SW corner of the Wash near Gedney Drove End ~ (0.05,52.85)? Let me use points: King's Lynn (0.39,52.75) → (0.25,52.78) → (0.1,52.87) → (0.05,52.97) → (0.15,53.05) → (0.32,53.1) Gibraltar Pt → Skegness. OK. Now Witham mouth: Boston (-0.02,52.97) → x=478,y=437 — right at Wash corner. Good. Also Humber routing points: Cleethorpes (-0.05,53.56) x=476,y=359.6; Grimsby (-0.08,53.57) x=473.6,y=358.3; Immingham (-0.2,53.62) x=464,y=354.6; (-0.32,53.66) x=454.4,y=350.5; (-0.45,53.68) x=444,y=348.6; (-0.55,53.7) x=436,y=346; Trent Falls (-0.69,53.7) x=424.8,y=346; north bank: (-0.6,53.72) x=432,y=343.4; (-0.45,53.73) x=444,y=342; Hull (-0.33,53.74) x=453.6?? wait Hull x=(−0.33+6.2)80=469.6. Hmm I mislisted: (-0.45,53.73) x=444 — that's west of Hull (469). Order from Trent Falls eastward: (-0.6,53.72) 432 → (-0.5,53.73) 440 → (-0.42,53.73) 446.4 → Hull (-0.33,53.74) 469.6 → (-0.2,53.72) 464?? no: (-0.2+6.2)80=480. → (-0.05,53.68) 476?? (0.05? ) (-0.05+6.2)80=492, y=(56.3-53.68)131=344.2 → Spurn (0.15,53.58) x=508,y=358.3 → then back north (0.1,53.65) x=504,y=349.2 → Withernsea (0.03,53.72) x=498.4,y=341.1 → Hornsea (-0.05? no Hornsea (-0.17,53.91)) → Bridlington (-0.19,54.08) x=464.8,y=291.5 → Flamborough (-0.08,54.12) x=473.6,y=286.2 → Filey (-0.29,54.21) x=456.8,y=274.5 → Scarborough (-0.4,54.28) x=448,y=265.3 → Whitby (-0.6,54.48) x=432,y=239.2 → ... Humber label at (-0.5,53.78) → x=456, y=329.5. Hull city label at (469.6,335) → put Hull label above dot: (469.6, 328)? Humber label then at (430,330)? Let me: Humber label centered (430,331) rotate 0 italic; Hull dot (469.6,335.4) label "Hull" above (469.6, 327). Slight collision risk w/ estuary line y~342-346. Labels at 327-331 fine. York (409.6,305.6) label right: (416,309). Ouse river passes through York; label "Ouse" at (-1.0,53.86) → x=416,y=321.7 — collision with York label! Move Ouse label to (-0.98,53.83) → x=417.6,y=325.6 — still near. Instead put Ouse label west of river at (-1.16,53.85) → x=403.2,y=323, rotate 82. York label right at (417,308). OK distance ~15px fine. Aire label at (-1.78,53.9) → x=353.6,y=313.7 rotate 14. Leeds label above dot (372,327.5-7=320). Fine. Wharfe label small at (-1.5,53.96) → x=376,y=306.5 rotate 8. Hmm near York label (417,308) no. OK. Swale label tiny at (-1.6,54.44) → x=368,y=244? rotate -6. Might skip. I'll include "Swale" small at (-1.62,54.45)→(366.4,242.7) rotate -8. Eh — near Tees label? Tees label at (-1.75,54.58) → x=356,y=225.4. OK separate. Tees label at (356,225) rotate 4 "Tees". Darlington area. Wear label at (-1.72,54.76) → x=358.4,y=201.6 rotate -58? Wear direction Bishop Auckland→Durham computed -63°. pos (-1.74,54.74) x=356.8,y=204.2 rotate -60 "Wear". Tyne label at (-1.9,55.0) → x=344,y=170.6 rotate 0 "Tyne". Newcastle label above dot (367.2,174.2): "Newcastle" at (367,166) anchor middle — collides Tyne label at y170 x344? Tyne label spans x~332-356 (center 344). Newcastle label spans ~340-394 center 367 at y166. Slight vertical overlap (166 vs 170) — move Tyne label to y 177 below river: pos (-1.9,54.94) → y=178.2. But river at y~174; label below river at 182? Wear label at 204 nearby but x 357-370... Tyne label center (344,183): spans 332-356. Newcastle city at (367,174). OK set Tyne label pos (-1.92,54.93) → x=342.4,y=179.6, rotate 0. Hmm Wear label at (356.8,204) fine. Eden label at (-2.84,54.8) → x=268.8,y=196.8 rotate -63. Carlisle label above dot (260.8,184.7): at (261,177) middle. Eden label spans near (269,197) rotated — ok. Lune label at (-2.55,54.14) → x=292,y=283.4?? lat 54.14 → y=(56.3-54.14)131=282.96. Hmm that's not near Lancaster (Lancaster (-2.8,54.05) → x=272,y=294.9). Lune river: Kirkby Lonsdale (-2.6,54.2) → x=288,y=275.1; Hornby (-2.64,54.11) x=284.8,y=286.6; Lancaster (272,294.9); mouth (-2.92,53.97) x=262.4,y=305.4. Label "Lune" at (292,268)? pos (-2.55,54.25) → x=292,y=268.5 rotate 65. OK. Ribble label at (-2.3,53.98) → x=312,y=304.2? Ribble river: Settle (-2.28,54.07) x=313.6,y=291.7; Clitheroe (-2.39,53.87) x=304.8,y=318.3; Preston (-2.7,53.76) x=280,y=331.8; mouth (-2.92,53.73) x=262.4,y=335.7. Label "Ribble" at (-2.35,54.02) → x=308,y=299.5 rotate 72. Hmm near Lune label (292,268)? fine. Mersey label at (-2.7,53.45) → x=280,y=373.4?? Liverpool label at (256.8,376-7=369) middle → spans ~228-286?? "Liverpool" ~55px → 229-285. Mersey label at (280,373) collides! Move Mersey label east: pos (-2.6,53.45) → x=288,y=373.4... Liverpool label anchor middle at (256.8,369): ends at ~285. Collision. Put Mersey label below river: pos (-2.62,53.36) → x=286.4,y=385.2 rotate -6. Warrington (x=(-2.6+6.2)80=288,y=(56.3-53.39)131=381). Hmm river y ~381-386 there. Label at 385 ON river. Put Mersey label at (-2.5,53.44) → x=296,y=374.7 rotate -5, spans 280-312? "Mersey" ~42px → 275-317 center 296. Liverpool label ends 285. OK-ish gap 10px... Actually Liverpool label above dot: dot at (256.8,376), label at y=368. Mersey label at y 374.7 x>275: near Liverpool label end (285,368)... 7px diagonal. Acceptable. Or move Liverpool label below-left? Sea below. Keep as computed; minor. Manchester label: dot (316.8,369.4) label anchor end at (311,366): "Manchester" spans ~245-311?? too wide (~60px). Collides Liverpool label (229-285 at 368)?! Yes collision. Move Manchester label above-right: anchor start at (322,362)? Irwell river near. Or Manchester label right: (323,373) anchor start — collides Mersey label (275-317 at 374.7)? starts 323 > 317 OK gap 6px. Hmm tight but OK. Actually Mersey label center 296 span 275-317 y~375; Manchester label at (323,373) start → spans 323-385. Sheffield label: Sheffield dot (378.4,382.5) label right (385,386): spans 385-435. Manchester ends 385 — collision with Sheffield start! Move Sheffield label below dot: (378,394) middle? spans 353-403 at y394. Manchester label y373. OK. And Trent/Mersey canal passes y~? Stoke (382? new x for Stoke (-2.18,53.02): x=321.6,y=430.6) far. OK. Leeds label above (372,320) middle spans ~350-394. Aire label at (353.6,313.7) spans 340-367 rotate 14 — near Leeds label (350-394 at 320)? 6px gap. Move Aire label west: pos (-1.85,53.88) → x=348,y=315.8... same. Move Leeds label right of dot: (379,331) start spans 379-423? York label at (417,308) — different y. OK Leeds label right: x 379-423 at y331. Aire label at (348,316). Good. Leeds-Liverpool canal near... fine. Sheffield (378.4,382.5) label below middle (378,394). Nottingham (404,439) label above middle (404,431) spans ~375-433. Soar river from Leicester (-1.14,52.63) x=404.8,y=481.7 → joins Trent (-1.28,52.86) x=393.6,y=451.6. Nottingham label at 431 vs Soar at 451+ fine. Birmingham (344,500.4) label left anchor end (337,504): spans ~277-337. Grand Union canal ends there. OK. Bristol (288.8,637.2) label: left end anchor (282,641) spans ~245-282? Avon river below. Severn mouth at (x(-2.8,51.53)=272,y=645). Bristol label at (282,641)... near Avonmouth coast x(-2.72,51.5)=278.4,y=641.6!! Coast point right there. Move Bristol label above: (289,629) middle spans 265-313. Severn river end at (272,645),(262,649)? My Severn end [-2.85,51.52] → x=268,y=646. OK Bristol label at (289,629) fine. Gloucester (316.8,581.6) label right (324,585) spans 324-380. Severn at Gloucester x(-2.24)=316.8 — label east of river OK. Wye label at (-2.62,52.0) → x=286.4,y=563.4 rotate 60. OK. Oxford (395.2,596) label above (395,588) middle spans 375-415. Thames river passes y596. Thames label at (-0.45,51.56) → x=460,y=625.5 rotate -4 spans ~430-490 ("River Thames" ~80px at 13px font) — near London label? London dot (485.6,628.8) label right (493,632) spans 493-540. Thames label ends 490. OK tight. Move Thames label west: center (445,625) spans 405-485. Reading (x(-0.98)=417.6,y=(56.3-51.45)131=635.4) — Reading not labeled as city. OK Thames label center (448,624). Cambridge label right of dot (505.6,537.1): (512,541) spans 512-570. Ely river at x 517,y511. Coast at Cromer x(1.3)=600... fine. Norwich label right (600,480.8): (607,485) spans 607-655. Coast at y~480: Aldeburgh (624,543)? no. Coast at lat 52.6: Gt Yarmouth x=(1.73+6.2)80=634.4,y=(56.3-52.6)131=484.7!! Norwich label spans 607-655 at y485 — crosses coast at 634! Coast east of Norwich label... The label would overlap coastline near Yarmouth. Shorten: Norwich label above dot: (600,472) middle spans 575-625. Coast at y472: lat = 56.3-472/131=52.7 → coast between Yarmouth (634,484.7) and Happisburgh (x(1.5)=616,y=459) → coast x at y472 ≈ 625. Label ends 625 — touching. Shift label left-anchor end: (593,472) spans 533-593. Fine — Norwich label left of dot. Hmm wait, Cambridge label (512,541): Great Ouse river at Ely (517,511), Cam river through Cambridge. Label east of Cam. OK. Southampton (386.4,707.4) label above (386,699) middle spans ~345-427. Itchen river ends (x(-1.37,50.9)=386.4,y=707.4). Test ends (x(-1.42,50.88)=382.4,y=710). Labels at 699 above rivers OK. Coast head of Soton Water (x(-1.31,50.85)=391.2,y=713.9). Label above fine. Exeter (213.6,731) label right (220,735) spans 220-255. Exe river at Exeter x=213.6. Coast Exmouth (x(-3.42,50.62)=222.4,y=744.4). Label at 735 vs coast 744 OK. Plymouth (164.8,776.6) label above (165,768) middle spans ~135-195. Coast near Plymouth y~776. OK. Tamar label at (-4.28,50.55) → x=153.6,y=753.5 rotate 68. Dart label at (-3.8,50.44) → x=192,y=767.7 rotate 40 — near Plymouth label (135-195 at 768)!! Collision. Move Dart label NE: pos (-3.72,50.5) → x=198.4,y=759.6 rotate 45. Still near (195 end). Plymouth label spans 135-195 at y768; Dart label at (198,760) rotated — diagonal, probably OK. Or drop Dart label. I'll keep small "Dart" at (-3.68,50.47)→(201.6,763.7) rotate 45, size 10. Eh, risk. Alternatively move Plymouth label below-left into sea: (165,790)? Coast at Plymouth y 776-782; below is sea (sound). Label at (165,792) middle — sea, fine! Do that. Then Dart label at (198,760) fine. Exe label at (-3.45,50.82) → x=220,y=720 rotate 78 — near Exeter label (220,735)? Exe label center (220,720) spans vertical ~700-740 rotated... collision with Exeter label at (220,735) horizontal! Move Exeter label left anchor end (207,735) spans 175-207. Exe label rotated at x~218-222 vertical band y 702-738 — near Exeter dot (213.6,731)?? dot at 213.6. Label band at 220 — hmm. Simplify: Exe label at (-3.42,50.78) → x=222.4,y=725.3 rotate 75; Exeter label left end at (207,735). OK. Carlisle (260.8,184.7) label above middle (261,176). Solway coast at (x(-3.05,54.9)=252,y=182.7)... label above fine. London (485.6,628.8) label right (494,633) "London" size 14 spans 494-545. Thames river continues east (x(0.02,51.5)=497.6,y=628.8)... label sits on river line. Move London label below-right? Standard: label right with dot on river — the river passes through; acceptable, or label above: (486,620) middle spans 455-517 — collides Thames label (405-485 at 624)?! Thames label ends 485, London starts 455 overlap. Fix: Thames label center (440,622) spans 400-480; London label right (494,633). River at y629: label at 633 slightly below line. OK. Kingston/Staines area fine. Wash label (500,442): Witham river end Boston (478,437)→mouth (0.05,52.9) x=480,y=433.9. Label "The Wash" italic center (505,445) spans 475-535. Nene mouth (0.2,52.85) x=512,y=454.7. Hmm label at 445 vs Nene end 454 OK. But is (505,445) inside Wash (sea)? Coast points: (0.1,52.87) x=504,y=461.5; (0.05,52.97) x=480,y=438.6; (0.15,53.05) x=508,y=426. So polygon edge passes near (504,461)-(480,438)-(508,426). Point (505,445): between edges... The sea region is EAST of these edges. Edge from (480,438) to (508,426): at x=505, edge y≈427. Point y=445 > 427 → inside?? The land is WEST of coast going north... traversing from King's Lynn northward to Skegness, land on left (west), sea right (east). Point (505,445): relative to edge (480,438)-(508,426), at x=505 the edge y=427.8; point y=445 is below → is below = west side? For edge going NE (up), west side is below-left... ugh. Simply: point (505,445) vs King's Lynn edge (527,466)→(516,463)→(504,461): at x 504-505, edge y 461. Point y=445 is ABOVE that edge (smaller y = north = sea side here since sea is north/east of Lynn). And vs Boston corner (480,438): point is east (x 505 > 480) → sea side. And vs (508,426): point y 445 > 426, but that edge goes to Gibraltar Pt (521.6,424)... point (505,445) is WEST of x=508 → hmm west of that edge = land?? The edge (480,438)→(508,426): for a point to be sea (east of this NE-going edge), it must be... take midpoint (494,432); sea is toward Skegness direction (NE/east): test point (520,432) is sea. Our point (505,445): cross product of edge vector (28,-12) with point vector (505-480,445-438)=(25,7): cross = 287 - (-12)25 = 196+300=496 >0 → point is to the left of edge direction (going from Lynn to Skegness). Left side when walking north-ish = west = LAND. So (505,445) is land! Move Wash label east: (530,440)? Gibraltar Pt x=521.6 y=424; Skegness (523.2,412.7). Edge Gibraltar→Skegness nearly vertical x~522. Point (530,440): east of x 522 → sea. But also edge (508,426)→(521.6,424): point (530,440) east → sea. OK "The Wash" center (538,438) spans 508-568? At 13px italic "The Wash" ~55px → spans 510-565. Hunstanton edge: (0.45,52.85) x=532,y=461; Hunstanton (535.2,439.6)!! Coast point AT (535,440) — collision! The Wash narrows: label between x 522-535 hard. Put label lower: center (535,455)? Coast (532,461),(516,463)... point (535,455): east of edge (504,461)→(532,461)?? that edge horizontal y~461 at x 504-532; point y 455 above → sea. And Hunstanton (535,439.6) 15px above. Label spans 507-563 at y455-460 — overlaps edge y461 barely. Hmm. Alternatively rotate label 90? Put "The Wash" vertical at (545,430) rotate -90? Vertical text along the Wash's east side... The Wash opens north. Actually simplest: place "The Wash" at (545,455) rotate 0 — spans 517-573, baseline 458; coast Hunstanton (535,439.6) is 18px above center — the text top ~445 → clear of 439.6? 6px gap. Skegness (523,412) far. Gibraltar edge x~522 at y424-427: text top 445 clear. OK: center (545,457)? spans y ~447-462; edge y461 at x 504-532 — text bottom 462 ~ touching at x 517-532. Nudge up: center (548,452) → bottom 457 > 461? no 457<461 fine. Set (548,450). Good enough; slight imprecision acceptable for stylized map. Also Skegness-Hunstanton mouth line: not drawn (coast goes around Wash) — correct. Morecambe Bay label? skip (decided). Solway label skip. Humber: verify coast routing includes up-estuary points: after Mablethorpe (0.27,53.35) → (0.15,53.45) → Cleethorpes (-0.05,53.56) → hmm jump from 0.15 to -0.05 fine → Grimsby (-0.08,53.57) → Immingham (-0.2,53.62) → (-0.32,53.66) → (-0.45,53.68) → (-0.55,53.7) → Trent Falls (-0.69,53.7) → (-0.6,53.72) → (-0.5,53.73) → Hull (-0.33,53.74) → (-0.15,53.71) → (0.05,53.64) → Spurn (0.15,53.58) → (0.1,53.65) → Withernsea (0.03,53.72) → ... wait (0.1,53.65) x=504,y=349 then Withernsea (0.03,53.72) x=498.4,y=341 — going back west?? Withernsea lon 0.03 < 0.1 — yes coast curves back slightly; actual Spurn-to-Withernsea: Spurn (0.15,53.58) tip; mainland resumes ~ (0.1,53.62)? then Withernsea (0.03,53.72), Hornsea (-0.17,53.91). OK sequence: Spurn (0.15,53.58) → (0.12,53.63) → (0.05,53.7) → Withernsea (0.03,53.72)?? redundant; use Spurn → (0.1,53.64) → Withernsea (0.02,53.72) → (-0.08,53.83) → Hornsea (-0.17,53.91) → (-0.19,54.02) → Bridlington (-0.19,54.08) → Flamborough (-0.08,54.12) → Filey... Also Thames coast routing: Sheerness (0.76,51.44) → (0.62,51.45) → (0.5,51.42) → Gravesend (0.37,51.44) → cross → Tilbury (0.45,51.48)? Hmm Tilbury (0.37,51.47)? Gravesend (0.37,51.44) south bank; Tilbury (0.36,51.47) north bank. Then east along north bank: (0.5,51.5) → (0.62,51.52) → Southend (0.71,51.54) → (0.85,51.6) → (1.0,51.7) → Clacton (1.15,51.79). Good. Dee coast routing: Liverpool (-3.0,53.45) → Hoylake (-3.18,53.39) → (-3.13,53.31) → (-3.02,53.24) → Chester border start (-2.9,53.19). Good — estuary indent on England side. Now borders arrays: SCOT_BORDER: [-2.003,55.769],[-2.18,55.68],[-2.35,55.55],[-2.5,55.42],[-2.62,55.28],[-2.78,55.13],[-2.95,55.05],[-3.06,54.99] WALES_BORDER: [-2.9,53.19],[-2.95,53.1],[-2.99,53.05],[-2.9,52.95],[-3.05,52.86],[-3.0,52.75],[-3.14,52.66],[-3.08,52.5],[-3.05,52.35],[-3.15,52.2],[-3.13,52.07],[-3.0,52.0],[-2.95,51.93],[-2.85,51.87],[-2.72,51.81],[-2.67,51.64] City marker style: circle r=2.6 fill #2b2b2b; London: r=3.4. Label font 11px, fill #2b2b2b. Now canal/river label for canals? Legend only. Maybe label "Grand Union Canal" along it tiny? Legend suffices. Legend content: - Title "Legend" small caps. - Line sample solid blue: "River" - Line sample dashed: "Canal" - Line sample dashed gray: "Country border" - Dot: "Town / City" - Scale bar: 0—50—100 km. Also nice: a faint paper-texture background for whole page, and the SVG sea gradient. Add subtle inner shadow? Keep performance simple. Compass: at (648,115): circle r=20 stroke #7fa6c9 fill white opacity .7; N arrow polygon points up; "N" above. Simple elegant: vertical line with arrowhead, small circle center, cardinal letters N/E/S/W tiny? Just N + arrow + circle. Graticule labels: skip. One more consideration: smoothing closed coastline with Catmull-Rom — must wrap points. Implement. River widths mapping: - major 3: Thames, Severn, Trent, Yorkshire Ouse, Great Ouse, Tyne, Mersey - medium 2.2: Wye, Aire, Wear, Tees, Eden, Nene, Witham, Exe, Tamar, Medway, Ribble, Lune, Bristol Avon, Welland, Swale, Wharfe - small 1.6: Warwickshire Avon, Teme, Soar, Cam, Dee, Dart, Stour Dorset, Hants Avon, Test, Itchen, Irwell, N/S Tyne branches Casing: width = core+1.8, color #d7e8f3. Actually, let me reconsider colors for an elegant look: - Sea: linear gradient #cfe3ef → #bcd7e8, or radial? Use vertical gradient light. - Land: #f4ecd9 with stroke #a89f87 1px. Maybe add subtle inner glow via second stroke? Fine. - Rivers: core #3e7cb1, casing #c9e0ef. - River labels: #2e6da4 italic. - Sea labels: #5d8fb3, letterspacing 5. - Canals: #8aa5b5 dashed. - Borders: #a39d8c dashed. - Cities: #3a3a3a dots; labels #333. - Land labels (SCOTLAND/WALES): #96917f letterspacing 4. - Title HTML: #2c4a63 serif. Page: background #eef3f6 or parchment #f7f4ec? Sea is blue; page bg soft #e9eef2. Card with white border shadow around map. Include Google Fonts link: EB Garamond (400,500,600 + italic). And maybe 'Cinzel' for title? Keep EB Garamond everywhere; title weight 600 letterspacing. Structure:

Major Waterways of England
Principal rivers, estuaries and canals
❦ ornament

Schematic map · courses stylised for clarity

viewBox: x from -25 to 730? east extent ~690 (North Sea label ends ~690; Lowestoft 636 + ?). "NORTH SEA" centered (615,240) letterspacing: width ~ 9 chars* (13+5) ≈ 160 → spans 535-695. OK x max 700 → viewBox width 730 with -25 start → to 705. y: from 25? top content: SCOTLAND label y~115, coast min y 69, compass top ~90. Graticule top lat 56 → y=39.3. So start y=25 OK. Bottom: legend 795-875 → end 885. Height = 885-25=860. viewBox="-25 25 730 860". Hmm compass at (648,115): check North Sea label at (615,240) no clash. East coast near (1.75,52.48)=636,500. Compass fine. Legend at x 505-700, y 795-872: inside, items: - header "LEGEND" at (525,815) letterspaced. - river sample: line (520,832)-(560,832) core+casing; text (568,836) "River". - canal sample y 852: dashed (520,852)-(560,852); "Canal". - border sample y 872?? bottom limit 872 tight. Rearrange: two columns: Col1 x 515-610: River (y830), Canal (y850), Border (y870) Col2 x 615-700: City dot (y830), Scale bar (y855-865) Let me define legend rect (500,788) w 205 h 92 → bottom 880. viewBox bottom 890. Set viewBox="-25 25 730 870" (y 25..895). Hmm wait — is there sea at (500,788)? SE corner: Kent coast lowest point: Deal (608,665), Dover (732?? recompute: Dover (1.32,51.13) → x=(1.32+6.2)80=601.6,y=(56.3-51.13)131=677.3. So coast max y in SE ~ 680. Legend y>788 → sea. Yes fine. And Dungeness (0.98,50.91) → x=574.4,y=706.5 — still < 788. Good. Also, south coast around Beachy Head y: (0.24,50.74) → y=728.4; Selsey (521?? x=(-0.79+6.2)80=432.8,y=(56.3-50.72)131=731). English Channel label at y~790 x 295-465. Legend starts x 500 — clear. Lizard (80,830.5) bottom; Land's End (38.4,817.5). Bottom-left sea below Cornwall: could place scale bar there instead — no, keep in legend. Now compute remaining label screen positions for JS data (I'll store label positions in lon/lat too, with rotation): riverLabels = [ {t:"River Thames", p:[-0.62,51.585], r:-5} → x=(-0.62+6.2)80=446.4,y=(56.3-51.585)131=617.7. center 446 — good matches earlier plan. {t:"River Severn", p:[-2.45,52.42], r:60} → x=300,y=568.4?? lat 52.42 → y=(3.88)131=508.3. x=(-2.45+6.2)80=300. Severn at lat 52.42 ~ x(-2.45)=300 — label ON river; offset east: p [-2.38,52.42] → x=305.6. rotate 60. OK p [-2.36,52.45] → x=307.2,y=504.4, r:62. {t:"River Trent", p:[-0.7,53.22], r:-85} → x=440,y=403.6?? lat 53.22 → y=(3.08)131=403.5. Trent river at lat 53.22: x(-0.8,53.2)=432. Label east x=440. OK p [-0.68,53.22] → x=441.6, r:-84. {t:"Great Ouse", p:[-0.52,52.2], r:-28} → x=454.4,y=536.9. Bedford label? Bedford not a city. OK. {t:"Nene", p:[-0.6,52.42], r:-40} → x=448,y=508.4. {t:"Witham", p:[-0.22,53.14], r:33} → x=478.4,y=413.3. Lincoln (x(-0.54)=452.8,y=419.6)? Lincoln not labeled. OK. {t:"Ouse", p:[-1.17,53.85], r:82} → x=402.4,y=324.5. {t:"Aire", p:[-1.83,53.9], r:13} → x=349.6,y=315.9. {t:"Wharfe", p:[-1.52,53.97], r:8, s:10} → x=374.4,y=308.7. Hmm York label at (417,308). OK. {t:"Swale", p:[-1.62,54.46], r:-8, s:10} → x=366.4,y=241.3. {t:"Tyne", p:[-1.93,54.92], r:0} → x=341.6,y=181.7. {t:"Wear", p:[-1.75,54.73], r:-60} → x=356,y=205.3. {t:"Tees", p:[-1.78,54.58], r:4} → x=353.6,y=226.6. {t:"Eden", p:[-2.83,54.8], r:-63} → x=269.6,y=196.1. {t:"Lune", p:[-2.55,54.26], r:65, s:11} → x=292,y=267.2. {t:"Ribble", p:[-2.36,54.03], r:72, s:11} → x=307.2,y=298.2. {t:"Mersey", p:[-2.52,53.45], r:-6} → x=294.4,y=374.7. {t:"Dee", p:[-3.0,53.27], r:-25, s:10} → x=256,y=377.3?? lat 53.27 → y=396.5. x=(-3+6.2)80=256. Dee estuary channel near (252-262, 390-400). p [-3.02,53.3] → x=254.4,y=392.6, r:-25. Near coast Hoylake (x(-3.18,53.39)=241.6,y=382.4). OK. {t:"Wye", p:[-2.6,52.0], r:60} → x=288,y=563.4. {t:"Avon", p:[-2.2,51.49], r:-22, s:11} → x=320,y=632.3?? lat 51.49 → y=(4.81)131=630.1. x=(-2.2+6.2)80=320. Hmm Bristol label at (289,629) spans 265-313. Avon label center 320 spans ~300-340 rotate -22 — near Bristol label end 313! Move Avon label south: p [-2.24,51.44] → x=316.8,y=636.7 — Bristol label y 629 spans to 313... diagonal. Move Avon label east toward Bath: p [-2.15,51.45] → x=324,y=635.4 rotate -15. Bath river bend. OK. {t:"Exe", p:[-3.43,50.8], r:75} → x=221.6,y=721.5. {t:"Tamar", p:[-4.3,50.56], r:66, s:11} → x=152,y=751.9. {t:"Dart", p:[-3.7,50.48], r:45, s:10} → x=200,y=762.4. {t:"Medway", p:[0.38,51.31], r:-18} → x=526.4,y=654.1?? lat 51.31 → y=(4.99)131=653.7. Maidstone (0.52,51.27) x=537.6,y=658.9. Medway river y ~ 654-662 there. Label above river: p [0.4,51.35] → x=528,y=648.5 rotate -18. OK. {t:"Stour", p:[-2.08,50.9], r:18, s:10} → x=329.6,y=707.1. Stour river at Blandford (-2.16,50.86) x=323.2,y=713.7. Label near. OK. {t:"Humber", p:[-0.52,53.78], r:-2} → x=454.4,y=329.5. {t:"The Wash", p:[0.5,52.98], r:0, s:11} → x=536,y=434.9?? computed earlier center (548,450)... p lon/lat [0.5,52.98] → x=536,y=434.9. Hunstanton coast (535.2,439.6)!! 5px below. Ugh. p [0.42,52.93] → x=529.6,y=441.1 — coast Hunstanton (535,439.6) 6px right. The Wash interior is tight on screen. Alternative: put "The Wash" INSIDE at p [0.28,52.92] → x=518.4,y=442.4? Coast inner west edge at that y: (0.15,53.05) x=508,y=426 → (0.05,52.97) x=480,y=438.6: at y 442, edge x ≈ 476. Sea east of 476: 518 OK. And mouth edge Hunstanton (535,439.6)→(532,461): at y 442 edge x≈534.5. So x 518 within sea (476-534). "The Wash" at 11px ~48px wide → center 518 spans 494-542 — crosses 534.5 edge slightly at bottom. Font 10: spans 496-540. Meh, slight overlap of coastline. Alternatively rotate -90 vertical at x 515: spans y 415-465 vertical... crosses west edge (x 476-508 at y 426-438)? At x=515 vertical line from y415-465: near Skegness edge x~522 at y 412-424 — clear; near Gibraltar (521.6,424) — x515 clear; bottom y465 near Lynn edges x 504-527 at y 461-466: x515 y465 → on edge?! Hmm. Compromise: place "The Wash" horizontally at p [0.33,52.88] → x=522.4,y=447.9, size 10, spans ~498-547 at baseline 448, top 438. West edge at y448: between (480,438.6) and (504,461) → x≈484. East edge at y448: (535,439.6)→(532,461) → x≈534.4. So sea spans 484-534 at y448. Text 498-547 exceeds east (534) by 13px — the word would cross coastline near Hunstanton. Sigh. Use size 9.5 and center 515: spans 493-537... still. OK final: two lines? "The" above "Wash"? Or place label offshore mouth: p [0.62,53.05] → x=545.6,y=425.9?? that's east of Skegness (523,412) and north of Hunstanton (535,439) → open sea! The Wash's mouth region. Place at (548,428) rotate 0 size 11 — represents The Wash at its mouth. Hmm, but geographically that's outside. For clarity, fine: p [0.65,53.02] → x=548,y=430.2. OK. ] Actually simpler: skip "The Wash" label? It's a major water body; keep with mouth placement. seaLabels: {t:"NORTH SEA", p:[1.5,54.6], ls:5, s:14} → x=616,y=222.9. Coast at lat 54.6: Tees mouth x(-1.15)=404,y=224... east coast there x~405-420; 616 clear. {t:"IRISH SEA", p:[-3.75,53.75], ls:5, s:14} → x=196,y=334.3. Coast Southport x(-3.01)=255.2,y=347.8; Blackpool x=252,y=369.4?? (-3.05,53.81): x=252,y=369.4. Hmm label center 196 spans ~120-270 at 14px+ls5 (9 chars~19=170). Ends 270 > coast 252 at y 334-369?? At y=334, coast x: Southport 255.2 (y347.8) — label baseline 334.3, the coast near Formby (-3.07,53.56) x=250.4,y=360.5... At y=334, coast is Liverpool bay area x ~252-256. Label end 270 crosses. Shorten: size 12, ls 4: width ~ 916=144 → spans 124-268. Still. Center west: p [-3.9,53.75] → x=184. spans 112-256. Coast 250-256 — touches at 256. p [-3.95,53.8] → x=180,y=327.7: spans 108-252. OK size 12 ls 4 center (180,328). Fine. {t:"ENGLISH CHANNEL", p:[-1.5,50.22], ls:4, s:13} → x=376,y=794.5. Width: 15 chars incl space (9+4)=195 → spans 278-474. Sea there: coast at y 794: lat = 56.3-794.5/131 = 50.23. Coast points near: Lizard (80,830), Start Point (x(-3.64,50.22)=204.8,y=830.9)?? wait Start Point lat 50.22 → y=830. Hmm south coast at lat ~50.2-50.3: y 817-831. Our label y 794 is NORTH of those (smaller y)?? No: y 794 < 817 → label is north of Lizard/Start Point latitude but that's far west/east. At x 278-474, coast y: Plymouth (164,776), Dartmouth (x(-3.58,50.35)=209.6,y=781.9), Torquay (x=214.4,y=774), Exmouth (222,744), Lyme (260.8,y=731.5)... at x 278-474 the coast y ranges 698-731 (Portland x=(-2.46+6.2)80=299.2,y=759.4; Lulworth x=316,y=744.5; Swanage x=340,y=744; Solent x 355-391,y 710-713; Portsmouth x=408,y=723.1; Selsey 432.8,731). So at x 278-474 coast y ≤ 759 (Portland). Label at y 794 → 35px south of Portland tip → sea. Good. {t:"BRISTOL CHANNEL", p:[-3.55,51.38], ls:3, s:11} → x=212,y=641.3. Width 15(8+3)=165 → spans 129-294. Sea at y 641: coast: Minehead (x(-3.47)=218.4,y=666.8)?? wait lat 51.21 → y=(5.09)131=666.8. Coast at y 641: lat=56.3-641.3/131=51.4 → coast pts: Avonmouth (278.4,641.6)!! at x 278. Label spans 129-294 crosses 278. Shorten/move west: center (190,641) → spans 107-272. Severn mouth at (272,645),(268,646) — touches 272? borderline. Size 10, ls 3: width 15(7.3+3)=155 → center (185,641) spans 107-262. Severn end x 268 clear. OK: p [-3.75,51.42] → x=180,y=640.4, s:10, ls:3 → "BRISTOL CHANNEL" spans ~102-258. Ilfracombe coast (166.4,667) below. Fine. countryLabels: {t:"SCOTLAND", p:[-2.7,55.44], ls:4, s:12} → x=280,y=112.6. Border at y~124-131 there. OK. {t:"WALES", p:[-3.55,52.55], ls:4, s:12} → x=212,y=491.8. Border at lat 52.55: x ~ (-3.08,52.5)=249.6. Label spans ~180-244 clear. OK. Also maybe "N. IRELAND"? skip. "Isle of Wight" tiny at (-1.3,50.63) → x=392,y=742? IoW polygon y range 745-756?? compute: IoW points lat 50.58-50.73 → y 743.5-763.1. Label below: y 772? That's sea (English Channel label spans y~785-795 x 278-474!!). IoW label at (392,772) size 9 italic "Isle of Wight" spans ~355-429 — 13px above channel label. Tight but OK? Channel label top ~ 794-13=781. IoW label bottom 774. OK 7px gap. Include? It adds charm. Include size 9. Also label "Solent"? skip. "Spurn Head"? skip. Now London label: (494,633) start anchor, size 13.5, maybe weight 600. City label list final with anchor/offset (screen computed in JS from lon/lat, offsets in px): cities = [ {n:"London", p:[-0.13,51.51], dx:7, dy:4, anchor:"start", s:13.5, w:600}, {n:"Birmingham", p:[-1.9,52.48], dx:-7, dy:4, anchor:"end"}, {n:"Manchester", p:[-2.24,53.48], dx:7, dy:-4, anchor:"start"}, // wait earlier decided right at (323,373): dot (316.8,369.4): dx 7, dy 3 → (324,372). Mersey label spans 275-317 at y~375-380? "Mersey" 11px at center (294.4,374.7) spans 273-316. Manchester label starts 324. OK. {n:"Liverpool", p:[-2.99,53.43], dx:0, dy:-8, anchor:"middle"}, // (256.8,368.4) spans ~230-284. Mersey label (273-316, y375-380): vertical gap 7-12px, horizontal overlap 273-284 — diagonal adjacency, acceptable? "Liverpool" bottom ~370, "Mersey" top ~370... they may touch. Move Liverpool label dy -9 → 367.4; Mersey center 374.7 top ~369. Overlap risk at x 273-284. Shift Mersey label east: p [-2.48,53.45] → x=297.6 spans 276-319... still. Move Mersey label p [-2.42,53.44] → x=302.4,y=376 → spans 281-324?? Manchester starts 324!! Argh. Alternatives: Mersey label BELOW river near Runcorn: p [-2.65,53.3] → x=284,y=435?? no lat 53.3 → y=392.3. p [-2.68,53.32] → x=281.6,y=389.7 rotate -8: spans 260-303 at y~390. River at y 385-389 there (Warrington (288,381)?? (-2.6,53.39) x=288,y=381.2; Runcorn (-2.76,53.34) x=275.2,y=386). Label below river y 390-396: clear of Liverpool (367) and Manchester (372). Coast? Dee label at (254.4,392.6)!! spans ~240-268 rotate -25. Mersey label starts 260 — collision with Dee label end 268!! Move Dee label south-west: p [-3.06,53.33] → x=251.2,y=388.8 rotate -25 spans ~233-269... Move Mersey label east more: p [-2.55,53.31] → x=292,y=390.5 rotate -6 spans 271-313. Dee ends 269. OK!! Mersey label center (292,390). But wait Trent & Mersey canal near Northwich (-2.52,53.26) x=294.4,y=400 — canal dashed at y 400-406 x 280-300... label at 390 clear. Hmm also Liverpool dot (256.8,376.4): Mersey river mouth passes (x(-2.97,53.42)=258.4,y=377.4)... label at 271-313 y390 — fine. FINAL: Liverpool above (256.8,367); Manchester right (324,372); Mersey river label at (292,390) r-6; Dee label (251,389) r-25 spans ~233-269 — Mersey starts 271 OK 2px gap... nudge Dee p [-3.08,53.34] → x=249.6,y=387.5 spans 231-267. OK. {n:"Leeds", p:[-1.55,53.8], dx:7, dy:4, anchor:"start"}, // (379,331) {n:"Sheffield", p:[-1.47,53.38], dx:0, dy:12, anchor:"middle"}, // (378.4,394.5) {n:"Newcastle upon Tyne", p:[-1.61,54.97], dx:0, dy:-8, anchor:"middle"} → too long? Use "Newcastle" (367.2,166.2) middle spans ~340-394. Tyne river label at (341.6,181.7). Coast Tynemouth x(-1.42,55.01)=382.4,y=170. Newcastle label ends 394 > coast 382 at y~170?? Label y 166-170 vs coast point (382.4,170.7): slight touch. Shift label left: dx -4 → center 363 spans 336-390. Coast 382 — still touches at 390. Use anchor "end" dx -7: (360,166) end → spans 306-360. Tyne label (341.6,181.7) below — gap 15px OK. But label over land west of Newcastle — fine. Actually simpler: "Newcastle" anchor start dx 7: (374,170) start spans 374-428 → over sea? coast at (382,170) — crosses! Sea east of coast at that y... label over sea is fine aesthetically! Map labels over sea OK. But crossing coastline looks messy. Use end anchor (360,170) spans 306-360 over land. Fine. {n:"Bristol", p:[-2.59,51.45], dx:0, dy:-8, anchor:"middle"}, // (288.8,629.2) {n:"Nottingham", p:[-1.15,52.95], dx:0, dy:-8, anchor:"middle"}, // (404,431) {n:"York", p:[-1.08,53.96], dx:7, dy:4, anchor:"start"}, // (416.6,309.6) {n:"Hull", p:[-0.33,53.74], dx:0, dy:-8, anchor:"middle"}, // (469.6,327.4) — Humber label at (454.4,329.5) spans ~428-481 rotate -2!! Collision with Hull label (spans ~458-481). Move Humber label west: p [-0.62,53.78] → x=446.4,y=329.5?? center 446 spans 420-473; Hull label center 469.6 spans 458-481 — still overlap. Move Hull label right anchor start dx 7: (476.6,339) spans 476-502 — below-right; coast at Hull y~342... label y 339 over estuary north bank? The estuary water y 342-349; label above it. OK Hull label (477,339). Humber label center (446,330). {n:"Norwich", p:[1.3,52.63], dx:-7, dy:-5, anchor:"end"} → (593,475.8) spans ~548-593. Coast at y 476: between Yarmouth (634.4,484.7) and Happisburgh (616,458.6): x≈626 at y 476. Label ends 593 clear. OK. {n:"Cambridge", p:[0.12,52.2], dx:7, dy:4, anchor:"start"}, // (512.6,541) {n:"Oxford", p:[-1.26,51.75], dx:0, dy:-8, anchor:"middle"}, // (395.2,588) {n:"Southampton", p:[-1.37,50.9], dx:0, dy:-8, anchor:"middle"}, // (386.4,699.4) {n:"Exeter", p:[-3.53,50.72], dx:-7, dy:-5, anchor:"end"} → (206.6,726) spans ~172-207. Exe river at Exeter x 213.6. Label left of dot. Coast? Exmouth (222.4,744) — clear. OK. {n:"Plymouth", p:[-4.14,50.37], dx:0, dy:14, anchor:"middle"}, // (164.8,790.6) below dot over sea. Coast y at Plymouth ~776-782. Label 790 — below coast, over Plymouth Sound sea. Good. {n:"Carlisle", p:[-2.94,54.89], dx:0, dy:-8, anchor:"middle"}, // (260.8,176.7) {n:"Gloucester", p:[-2.24,51.86], dx:7, dy:4, anchor:"start"}, // (323.8,585.6) ] Check Gloucester label vs Severn river: river at Gloucester (316.8,581.6) → next point (-2.3,51.8) x=312,y=589.5. Label starts 323.8 — east of river. OK. Birmingham label end (337,504.4): Grand Union canal arrives from SE... canal endpoint (-1.9,52.48). Label over land fine. Oxford label (395.2,588): Thames at Oxford (395.2,596)? Wait Thames point (-1.26,51.75) → x=395.2,y=596.1. Label above at 588 — 8px above river. OK. Thames label center (446.4,617.7) spans ~400-493 "River Thames" 13px ≈ 85px → 404-489. Reading area river y ~ 624-635: label at 618 — 6-17px above river. Staines/Windsor reach y: Windsor (x(-0.6,51.48)=448,y=637.6)?? lat 51.48 → y=(4.82)131=631.4. Hmm recompute: 56.3-51.48=4.82; 131=631.4. Thames at Windsor (448,631.4). Label at (446,618) is 13px above — good. Kingston (x(-0.34,51.41)=468.8,y=640.5); London (485.6,628.8): river goes NE. London label (494,633) below the river line? River at x 494: interpolating Kingston (468.8,640.5)→London (485.6,628.8)→(x(0.02)=497.6,628.8): at x 494, y≈628.8. Label baseline 633, top ~620 — crosses river?? Label "London" at (494-545, y 620-633): river horizontal at 628.8 from x 497 eastward... YES crosses. Move London label dy -8 above: (493,620)? Then collides Thames label (404-489 at 618)?? starts 493 — 4px gap, same y. Hmm. Move Thames label west/down: center (430,615) spans 388-473. London label above-right: anchor start (493,621) spans 493-545 y 608-621 — river at 628 below. OK gap to Thames label 20px. FINAL: Thames label center p [-0.75,51.6] → x=436,y=614.7. spans ~394-478. London (493,621) anchor start size 13.5. Check Kingston river point (468.8,640.5) vs Thames label end 478 at y 615: fine (25px). Great Ouse label (454.4,536.9) rotate -28: near Bedford. Nene label (448,508.4) rotate -40. Vertical gap 28, horizontal 6 — rotated different angles; OK. Cambridge label (512.6,541): Cam river at (505.6,537)-(517,511). Label east. OK. Great Ouse at Ely (517,511) — Cambridge label at y 541 clear. Welland river: no label; crosses near Nene label? Welland at Stamford (x(-0.48,52.65)=457.6,y=479.5)... Nene label at (448,508) — clear. Now check Trent label (441.6,403.5) rotate -84: vertical text spans y ~380-427 at x~440. Trent river at (432,404)?? (-0.8,53.2): x=432,y=404.7. Label x 441.6 — 10px east. Nottingham label (404,431) — clear. Witham source area? Witham at (-0.64,52.92) x=444.8,y=442.5 — clear. OK. Severn label (307.2,504.4) rotate 62: Severn river at lat 52.45: between Ironbridge (-2.48,52.63) x=297.6,y=480.8 and Bewdley (-2.32,52.38) x=310.4,y=513.5 → at y 504, river x ≈ 306. Label at (307,504) ON river — offset perpendicular: label center should be beside river: p [-2.3,52.48] → x=312,y=500.4? river at y 500 x≈304. Label center (312,500) rotate 62 → text along river, centered 8px east. OK. Wye label (288,563.4) rotate 60: Wye river at Monmouth (-2.71,51.81) x=279.2,y=587.1; Ross (-2.58,51.91) x=289.6,y=574.0; (-2.65,51.85) x=284,y=581.9. At y 563, river near Hereford→Ross segment: Hereford (279.2? (-2.71,52.06) x=279.2,y=554.6) → Ross (289.6,574): at y 563, x≈284.5. Label center (288,563) — 4px east. rotate 60 OK. Avon (Bristol) label center (324,635.4) rotate -15: river at Bath (x(-2.36,51.38)=307.2,y=648.6) → Keynsham (x(-2.5,51.42)=296,y=643.4)?? direction W... hmm label at (324,635) is upstream: Chippenham (x(-2.12,51.46)=326.4,y=637.3). River at (326,637) — label center (324,635) ON river. Offset: p [-2.13,51.5] → x=325.6,y=632.2 — 5px above river. rotate -15. OK. But Kennet & Avon canal passes y ~ 637-643 (Newbury (x(-1.32,51.4)=390.4,y=645.2)... Devizes (x(-2.0,51.35)=336,y=645.9)). Canal at x 325: y≈646. Label at 632 — 14px clear. OK. Exe label (221.6,721.5) rotate 75: river Tiverton (x(-3.49,50.9)=216.8,y=707.7) → Exeter (213.6,731): at y 721, river x≈215. Label 6px east. OK. Exeter label end (206.6,726): spans 172-206 — Exe label x 221 clear. Tamar label (152,751.9) rotate 66: river Launceston (x(-4.35,50.64)=148,y=742.4) → (-4.3,50.55) x=152,y=754.2. Label at (152,752) ON river... offset west: p [-4.34,50.58] → x=148.8,y=751.1. River at y 751: x≈151.5. Label center 148.8 — 3px west. rotate 66. OK-ish. Medway label (528,648.5) rotate -18: river Tonbridge (x(0.27,51.2)=517.6,y=666.9) → Maidstone (537.6,658.9): at x 528, river y≈662.5. Label y 648 — 14px north. OK. Humber label (446,330): estuary north bank y~342. OK 12px above. Tyne label (341.6,181.7): river y ~ 170-174 (Hexham (x(-2.1,54.97)=328,y=174.2) → Newcastle (367.2,174.2)). Label 8px below river. Newcastle label end (360,170): spans 306-360 at y 170. Tyne label center 341.6 spans ~325-358 at y 181.7 — below. OK gap. Wear label (356,205.3) rotate -60: river Durham (x(-1.58,54.78)=369.6,y=198.4)?? (-1.58+6.2)80=369.6. Bishop Auckland (-1.68,54.66) x=361.6,y=214.1. River at y 205: x≈366. Label center (356,205) — 10px west. rotate -60 (river direction BA→Durham: dx=8,dy=-15.7 → -63°). OK. Tees label (353.6,226.6) rotate 4: river Barnard Castle (x(-1.92,54.54)=342.4,y=232) → Darlington (x(-1.55,54.52)=372,y=234.6). River y ~232-234. Label at 226 — 6px above. OK. Swale label (366.4,241.3) rotate -8 size 10: Swale river Richmond (x(-1.74,54.4)=356.8,y=249.3) → (-1.6,54.37) x=368,y=253.2. Label at (366,241) — 10px above river. Tees label at (353.6,226.6) — clear (15px). Eden label (269.6,196.1) rotate -63: river Penrith (x(-2.75,54.66)=276,y=214.6) → Carlisle (260.8,184.7): at y 196, x≈265.5. Label center (269.6,196) — 4px east... perpendicular offset ok. Carlisle label (260.8,176.7) spans ~235-287 — Eden label top? rotated -63 at center (269.6,196): extends ±22 along -63°: endpoints (259.6,215.6) and (279.6,176.5)!! top end (279.6,176.5) near Carlisle label (235-287 at 176.7)!! Collision. Move Eden label south: p [-2.78,54.72] → x=273.6,y=206.8: endpoints (263.6,226.4)-(283.6,187.2). Carlisle label bottom ~179. OK gap 8px. Fine. Lune label (292,267.2) rotate 65: river Kirkby Lonsdale (288,275.1) → source (-2.6,54.45) x=288,y=242.7?? wait Lune source (-2.6,54.45): x=288,y=(56.3-54.45)131=242.35. River vertical x~288 from 242 to 275, then Hornby (284.8,286.6), Lancaster (272,294.9). Label center (292,267) — 4px east of river. rotate 65 (river flows S). OK. Ribble label (307.2,298.2) rotate 72: river Settle (313.6,291.7) → (-2.35,53.95) x=308,y=303.9. Label (307,298) — on river; offset west: p [-2.42,54.0] → x=302.4,y=302.6. River at y 302: x≈308.5. Label 6px west. rotate 72. Lune label bottom? vertical-ish label at (292,267) endpoints ±18: (284,283)-(300,251). Ribble label top (302,302)-(312,284)?? endpoints of Ribble label rotate 72 ±16: (297,317)-(307,287). Lune bottom (284,283) vs Ribble top (307,287) — clear. Swale label — check collision with Wensleydale... fine. Ouse label (402.4,324.5) rotate 82: river York (409.6,305.6) → Selby (x(-1.07,53.78)=410.4,y=329.1). At y 324, river x≈410.2. Label 8px west. OK. Wharfe joins at (x(-1.13,53.83)=405.6,y=321.7)! Wharfe mouth near label. Wharfe label at (374.4,308.7) rotate 8 — clear (28px west). Aire label (349.6,315.9) rotate 13: river Keighley (x(-1.91,53.87)=343.2,y=318.3) → Leeds (372,327.5): at y 316, x≈342. Label center (349.6,316) — hmm on river slightly north. rotate 13 OK. Leeds label (379,331) — clear. Castleford... Aire & Calder... fine. Stour label (329.6,707.1) rotate 18: river Blandford (323.2,713.7) → Wimborne (x(-1.99,50.8)=336.8,y=720.5). Label center (329.6,707) — 8px above. OK. Hants Avon? no label (decided skip? I said maybe "R. Avon" — skip, avoid confusion). Test/Itchen no labels. Dorset Stour vs Avon Hants confluence at Christchurch — fine. Medway mouth/Thames estuary: fine. Now — one more check on the Welsh border label "WALES" (212,491.8): Teme river at Ludlow (x(-2.72,52.37)=278.4,y=519.7) — clear. Severn label (312,500) — clear. "SCOTLAND" (280,112.6): N Tyne branch at (-2.35,55.1) x=308,y=156.8 → (-2.2,55.05) x=320,y=163.4 — clear. Irish Sea label (180,328): Ribble mouth (262.4,335.7) — clear. Compass (648,115): graticule lines pass; fine. Legend contents and scale bar: 100 km at lat ~52.5 = 80px/(111.32cos(52.5°))km... cos52.5=0.6088 → 67.76 km/deg → 80px/67.76km = 1.18 px/km → 100km = 118px. Scale bar: x 615-733?? legend width... legend rect (500,788,w=210,h=94). Inside: - "LEGEND" header at (520,806) size 10 ls 3 fill #555. - River: casing+core line (518,822)-(552,822); text (560,825) "River" size 10.5. - Canal: dashed (518,838)-(552,838); text "Canal". - Border: dashed gray (518,854)-(552,854); text "Border". - City: dot at (526,870) r2.6; text (560,873) "City". Right column x 615-700: - Scale bar: from (612,846) to (612+118=730)? exceeds 710 rect edge (rect ends 710). Make bar 0-80 km = 94px: (612,848)-(706,848) ticks at 0,47(40km),94(80km) labels "0","40","80 km" tiny at y 838/862. Hmm cramped. Alternative: legend rect wider: (495,788) w 220 → ends 715. Bar (610,850)-(704,850) = 94px = 80km; labels 0/40/80. Or place scale bar below legend separately at (520,900)? viewBox ends 895. Let me: legend rect (495,786,220,96) → bottom 882; viewBox y to 890. Scale bar row at bottom of legend spanning full width: bar from (515,868) to (633,868) (118px=100km), ticks 0/50/100 at 515/574/633, labels above bar y 860 tiny, "km" after 100. Legend items rows y 822,838,854 in col1; col2 (x 630+): City dot (640,822), text; and maybe "Estuary" sample? skip. Col2: dot City (822), and... canal/border in col1. Actually arrange: row1: River (col1), City (col2) row2: Canal (col1), Border (col2) row3: scale bar spanning bottom. Positions: col1 x samples 512-548, text 556; col2 samples 640-676, text 684. Rows y 820, 838. Scale bar y 866, labels y 858. Rect (495,786,225,98) → bottom 884. Hmm viewBox 890 tall → set "-25 20 740 875" → y 20..895. OK. Compass rose design: circle r=17 fill #ffffffcc stroke #5d8fb3 polygon N arrow: points "0,-14 4,0 0,-4 -4,0" fill #2c4a63? plus S small arrow; "N" text at (0,-22) size 11 fill #2c4a63 middle. Add E/W ticks small. Also add subtle sea motif? skip. Graticule: for lon -6..1 step 1: x from 16 to 576... lon -6 → x=16; lon 1 → x=576; lon 1.75 max. Lines from y top (lat 56 → y=39.3) to bottom (lat 50 → y=825.4). For lat 50..56: y from 825.4 to 39.3. Stroke #ffffff? On sea use rgba(255,255,255,.35); over land they'd clash — draw graticule UNDER land? Then visible only on sea — classic. Yes: draw graticule after sea, before land. Land fill: to add depth, fill #f3ecd9; then a second path stroke slightly darker. Also maybe drop shadow under land: filter or offset path fill rgba(0,0,0,0.08) translated (2,3)? Nice: draw coast path fill shadow first. Rivers clipped to land? Rivers end at coast; with smoothing they might overshoot slightly into sea — acceptable; or set clipPath to land+sea everything (no clip needed). Also canal endpoints at London/Birmingham etc fine. Fonts via Google: . SVG text font-family "EB Garamond", Georgia, serif. JS structure: const svg = document.getElementById('map'); const NS = 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'; function el(name, attrs, parent){...} const X = lon => (lon+6.2)80; const Y = lat => (56.3-lat)131; function pts(arr){return arr.map(([a,b])=>[X(a),Y(b)]);} function smooth(points, closed){ // catmull-rom const p = points; let d = `M ${p[0][0].toFixed(1)} ${p[0][1].toFixed(1)}`; const get = i => closed ? p[(i+p.length)%p.length] : p[Math.min(Math.max(i,0),p.length-1)]; for(let i=0;i with transform=`translate(x,y) rotate(r)`, text-anchor middle (for rotated river labels), class. Sea labels: text-anchor middle, letter-spacing via attribute (SVG supports letter-spacing). Let me also add small "estuary" labels? skip. One more feature: major rivers get slightly bolder. Already handled by width classes. Double-check canal routes don't look like rivers crossing weirdly: - Grand Union from London (485.6,628.8) → Uxbridge (x(-0.48,51.55)=457.6,y=622.6) → Watford?? (-0.4,51.66) x=464,y=608.2 → hmm Uxbridge to Watford goes N... fine → Tring (x(-0.66,51.79)=443.2,y=596.5) → Leighton (x(-0.66,51.92)=443.2,y=579.5)?? both -0.66 → vertical; fine → MK (x(-0.76,52.04)=435.2,y=563.8) → Weedon (x(-1.08,52.23)=409.6,y=538.9) → Braunston (x(-1.2,52.29)=400,y=531) → Warwick (x(-1.58,52.28)=369.6,y=532.3)?? Braunston→Warwick goes west... then Birmingham (344,500.4). OK dashed canal crosses Great Ouse label area (454,537)? Canal at MK (435,564)→Weedon (410,539): label at (454,537) clear. - Oxford canal: Oxford (395.2,596) → Banbury (x(-1.34,52.06)=388.8,y=557.7) → Coventry (x(-1.51,52.41)=375.2,y=515.4). Crosses GU near Braunston — canals intersect: realistic! - Trent & Mersey: Derwent Mouth (x(-1.28,52.86)=393.6,y=451.6) → Burton (365.6,458.7)?? x(-1.63,52.8)=365.6,y=458.7 → Stone (x(-2.15,52.9)=324,y=444.9) → Stoke (321.6,430.6) → Kidsgrove (x(-2.24,53.08)=316.8,y=416.3) → Middlewich (x(-2.44,53.19)=300.8,y=406.3) → Northwich (x(-2.52,53.26)=294.4,y=397.1) → Preston Brook (x(-2.65,53.34)=284,y=386.3)?? ends near Mersey label (292,390)!! Canal dashed passes under label. Acceptable — or end canal at Northwich. Keep; dashes under label minor. Hmm Mersey label at (292,390) — canal endpoint (284,386) 8px away. OK. - Leeds & Liverpool: Leeds (372,327.5) → Skipton (333.6,313.7)?? x(-2.03,53.96)=333.6,y=313.7 → Burnley (x(-2.24,53.79)=316.8,y=329.8) → Blackburn (x(-2.48,53.75)=297.6,y=335) → Wigan (x(-2.63,53.55)=285.6,y=360.3) → Liverpool (258.4,377.4). Passes near Ribble label (302,302)? clear. Near Mersey label (292,390)? endpoint (258,377) clear. Wait Skipton x: (-2.03+6.2)80=333.6 yes. Aire river also Leeds→Skipton (343,318)→(333.6,291.7 Settle)... canal and river close between Leeds-Skipton: realistic (canal follows Aire valley). Good. - Kennet & Avon: Reading (417.6,635.4) → Newbury (390.4,645.2) → Hungerford (x(-1.52,51.41)=374.4,y=643.8) → Devizes (336,645.9) → Bradford? → Bath (307.2,648.6). Follows Kennet then Avon. Thames label (436,615) clear. OK. Also add tiny canal "Gloucester & Sharpness"? skip. Also maybe add "Bridgewater Canal" Manchester? skip. Now build the HTML with nice styling: - body bg: #e8edf1? Use a soft paper: #f2f0ea with subtle. Map card: white padding, rounded, shadow, max-width 760px margin auto. - h1: EB Garamond 600, #23415c, letter-spacing 1px, size 34. - sub: italic #5d7a90. - divider: small dashed rule with diamond. - footer: tiny #8a97a3. Responsive: svg width 100% height auto. Write the script carefully. Also text rendering in SVG uses same font. Potential label overlaps I should double-check once more in dense areas: Humber area: York label (416.6,309.6) start spans 416-445; Ouse label vertical at x~402 y 300-350; Hull label (476.6,339) start; Humber label center (446,329.5) spans 420-472 rotate -2; York label ends 445 at y 309 — Humber at 329 — OK. Ouse label top end? rotate 82 center (402.4,324.5) length ~36: endpoints (400,306)-(405,343). York label at (416.6,309.6) — clear. Selby/Goole rivers fine. East Midlands: Trent label vertical x 441.6 y 380-427; Witham label (478.4,413.3) rotate 33 spans ~455-500 diagonal; Lincoln dot? not included. OK. Nene label (448,508) — near Welland river (Stamford 457.6,479.5 → Spalding (x(-0.18,52.79)=481.6,y=458)? clear. East Anglia: Great Ouse label (454.4,536.9) rotate -28 spans ~425-485 diagonal; Cambridge label (512.6,541) start spans 512-565 — clear. Bedford? none. London area: London label (493,621) start; Thames label (394-478,615); Medway label (528,648.5) rotate -18 spans ~500-556 diagonal — London label ends ~545 at y 621; Medway top ~640 — clear. Thames estuary coast: Gravesend (x(0.37,51.44)=525.6,y=637.9)?? recompute: (0.37+6.2)80=525.6, y=(56.3-51.44)131=636.7. Medway label (528,648) — 11px below coast point... coast at Sheerness (x(0.76,51.44)=556.8,y=636.7): the south bank coast y~636-640 at x 525-556. Medway label baseline 648.5 top ~638 — touches coast line?! The coast here is the Thames south bank going W-E at y~637. Medway label at y 648 is just south (land side, Kent). OK — label on land below coast. But Medway river flows to Sheerness through Rochester (x(0.5,51.39)=536,y=643.5) — river at y 643; label at 648 ON river?? Label center (528,648.5): river Rochester (536,643.5) → (x(0.58,51.41)=542.4,y=640.9): at x 528, river is NW: Maidstone (537.6,658.9)→Rochester (536,643.5): at x 528?? River is at x 536-538 there. Label center x 528 — 8px west. Baseline 648 top 638. River segment Tonbridge→Maidstone at y 659-667. OK label sits between the two reaches — acceptable, rotate -18. Actually move Medway label slightly: p [0.36,51.33] → x=524.8,y=651.1 rotate -18. Fine. Southern: Test/Itchen/Southampton: Southampton label (386.4,699.4) spans ~345-428; Itchen river from Winchester (x(-1.31,51.06)=391.2,y=681.5) south to (386.4,707.4). Label at 699 crosses Itchen?? Itchen at y 699: x≈388. Label spans 345-428 — crosses river line. Labels crossing thin rivers is common on maps (white halo helps). I'll add paint-order stroke halo on labels: stroke #f4ecd9 (land color) stroke-width 2.5, paint-order stroke. That solves readability everywhere. Similarly city labels get halo. River labels halo too (halo sea/land? use #f4ecd9; over sea it'll show slightly — acceptable, or use white-ish #fbf7ec). Use rgba(251,247,236,0.85)? paint-order stroke with stroke-opacity .8. OK halo for all labels. City dots get white ring: stroke #fbf7ec 1.2. Now, one more: "Isle of Wight" label at (392,772)?? IoW polygon: points lon -1.57..-1.08 → x 370.4..409.6; lat 50.58..50.73 → y 749.4? compute: 56.3-50.73=5.57131=729.7 (Ryde); 56.3-50.58=5.72131=749.3 (St Catherine's). So IoW y range 729.7-749.3. Label below at (390,764) size 9.5 italic spans ~352-428. English Channel label top ~ y 781 at x 278-474. Gap 7px. Move IoW label to (390,762), channel label y to 796 (p lat 50.2 → y=799). Set channel p [-1.5,50.18] → y=801.4, spans y ~790-802. IoW label bottom ~767. OK. Southampton Water coast notch at (391.2,713.9)/(x(-1.33,50.79)=389.6,y=721.4) — IoW label at 762 clear. Also Portsmouth not labeled — fine. Right, also consider adding "Spithead"/"Solent"? no. Let me also double check Exe label vs Exeter label: Exeter label end anchor (206.6,726) — "Exeter" ~38px → spans 168-207. Exe label vertical at x~221 y 703-740. Clear. Plymouth label below dot (164.8,790.6) spans ~130-200 — over sea. Coast at y 790? lat=56.3-790.6/131=50.26 → coast near Plymouth y~776-782; below is sound/sea. OK. Tamar label (148.8,751) rotate 66 — clear (40px above). Dart label (200,762) rotate 45 size 10 spans diagonal ~ (193,755)-(207,769). Plymouth label top ~783. OK. Now Irish Sea / Wales labels clear. Alright — also small touch: add "Lizard Point" or "Land's End"? skip. Let me also include a couple more rivers for completeness in the far SW: River Fal? skip. River Fowey? skip. River Taw (Barnstaple)? North Devon looks empty: add Taw & Torridge briefly: TAW: source Dartmoor (-3.9,50.65)? → Taw: [-3.92,50.7],[-3.85,50.85],[-3.95,50.95],[-4.05,51.05],[-4.08,51.08] Barnstaple → mouth [-4.15,51.08]?? Taw-Torridge estuary at Instow (-4.18,51.05). Points: [-3.9,50.68],[-3.83,50.8],[-3.9,50.92],[-4.0,51.0],[-4.06,51.08],[-4.15,51.06]. TORRIDGE: [-4.2,50.85]?? source near Hartland (-4.35,50.95)?,[-4.25,50.9],[-4.2,50.95],[-4.14,51.0],[-4.15,51.06] join estuary. Points: [-4.3,50.92],[-4.22,50.95],[-4.18,51.0],[-4.15,51.06]. Add both small (w 1.6), label "Taw" tiny at (-3.95,50.9) → x=180,y=707.1 rotate -60? Taw flows N: rotate -80 at p [-3.92,50.92] → x=182.4,y=704.5. OK tiny. Skip Torridge label. Also River Parrett (Somerset): Bridgwater (-3.0,51.13)? Parrett from (-2.85,50.95)? → Bridgwater → mouth (-3.0,51.22). Points: [-2.9,50.92],[-2.95,51.0],[-2.98,51.1],[-3.0,51.13],[-3.03,51.22] mouth. Label? tiny "Parrett" at (-2.9,51.0) → x=264,y=694.2 rotate -70 size 9.5? Include line, skip label? Include label small — Somerset looks empty otherwise. Add. Also River Tone? skip. River Brue? skip. East: River Colne (Essex)? skip. River Orwell? skip — but Felixstowe/Harwich area fine without. River Deben? skip. River Blyth? skip. River Waveney? skip. River Yare (Norwich)! Norwich sits on Yare: Yare from (-1.0? source near Shipdham (0.9,52.6)?) → Norwich (1.3,52.63) → Yarmouth (1.73,52.6). Points: [0.85,52.58],[1.05,52.6],[1.2,52.62],[1.3,52.63],[1.45,52.62],[1.6,52.6],[1.73,52.6] mouth. Label tiny "Yare" at (1.45,52.66) → x=612,y=457.9? lat 52.66 → y=476.9. p [1.45,52.66] x=612,y=476.9 rotate 2 size 9.5. Norwich label end (593,475.8)!! Collision — Yare label at 612 start ~605? center 612 spans ~600-624. Norwich label ends 593. OK 7px gap. Coast Yarmouth (634.4,484.7). Yare label at (612,477) — clear of coast. Add river w 1.6. Also River Wensum joins at Norwich — skip. River Bure? skip. Kent: River Stour (Kent) Canterbury → Sandwich: points [1.08,51.28],[1.15,51.28],[1.25,51.25],[1.35,51.23],[1.42,51.27]? mouth near (1.4,51.25)?? Stour flows to Pegwell Bay near Ramsgate. Points: [0.95,51.23]? source near Ashford (0.87,51.15)? → Canterbury (1.08,51.28) → (1.2,51.28) → (1.35,51.24) → mouth (1.4,51.29)? Pegwell Bay ~(1.38,51.32). Add small: [[0.88,51.16],[1.0,51.24],[1.08,51.28],[1.2,51.28],[1.32,51.25],[1.4,51.3]]. Skip label (Medway label nearby). Hmm Kent busy; include line only. River Rother (E Sussex)? skip. River Ouse (Sussex): Lewes (0.01,50.87)? → Newhaven (0.05,50.77): points [[-0.05,51.0]?,[0.0,50.95],[0.01,50.87],[0.05,50.77]]. tiny, skip label. Add line? Sure w1.4. Actually skip — clutter. Skip Sussex rivers except none... South coast between Southampton and Dover has no rivers drawn — add Arun: [[-0.55,51.05]? source near Billingshurst (-0.45,51.02),[-0.53,50.97],[-0.55,50.9],[-0.54,50.81] Littlehampton mouth]. w1.4, no label. And Ouse Sussex: [[-0.02,51.02],[0.0,50.95],[0.01,50.87],[0.04,50.8],[0.05,50.77]]. w1.4. OK. Cumbria: River Derwent (Cockermouth→Workington): [[-3.2,54.6]? Bassenthwaite (-3.2,54.65),[-3.25,54.6],[-3.35,54.65],[-3.45,54.65],[-3.56,54.65] mouth]. w1.4 no label. Hmm skip? West Cumbria empty otherwise. Add line no label. River Kent (Kendal→Morecambe): [[-2.75,54.35],[-2.73,54.3],[-2.78,54.2],[-2.85,54.15],[-2.92,54.1],[-2.98,54.08]? mouth near Arnside (-2.85? ). Kent mouth at Sandside (-2.85,54.18)?? eh: points [[-2.72,54.38],[-2.75,54.3],[-2.8,54.22],[-2.85,54.18],[-2.88,54.12]] w1.4 no label. Hmm Morecambe Bay top. OK. River Wyre? skip. River Lune already. Northumberland: River Coquet? [[-2.05,55.3]? [-2.1,55.32],[-2.0,55.32],[-1.85,55.33],[-1.7,55.34],[-1.58,55.33] mouth Amble]. w1.4 no label. Add. River Tweed? mostly border/Scotland — mouth at Berwick! Tweed forms part of border: [[-2.6,55.6]? no. Tweed: from (-2.9,55.6)? flows along border then to Berwick (-2.0,55.77). Border part: (-2.55,55.65)? Actually Tweed: Kelso (-2.43,55.6) → Coldstream (-2.25,55.65) → Berwick (-2.0,55.77). Add: [[-2.55,55.58],[-2.4,55.6],[-2.25,55.65],[-2.1,55.7],[-2.0,55.77]] w 1.8, label tiny "Tweed" at (-2.3,55.62) → x=312,y=88.8 rotate -18 size 9.5. SCOTLAND label at (280,112.6) clear. Nice touch. River Aln? skip. River Wansbeck? skip. River Blyth? skip. Yorkshire: River Nidd? skip. River Ure — the Ouse upstream is actually Ure: label "Ure"? The Ouse forms at Ure+Swale confluence near Boroughbridge. My YORK_OUSE starts at Boroughbridge; extend upstream as Ure: [[-1.75,54.25]? Wensley (-1.8,54.3)?,[-1.65,54.28],[-1.5,54.22],[-1.45,54.15],[-1.4,54.09]]. Add to Ouse path start. Label "Ure" tiny at (-1.6,54.3) → x=368,y=261.8 rotate 15 size 9.5? Swale label at (366.4,241.3) — 20px clear. OK add. River Derwent (Yorks)? skip (decided). River Don (Sheffield→Doncaster→Goole)! Important: Don: Sheffield (-1.47,53.38) → Rotherham (-1.36,53.43) → Doncaster (-1.14,53.52) → joins Ouse near Goole at (-0.85,53.7)? The Don flows to the Aire/Humber: Dutch River to Ouse at Goole. Points: [[-1.47,53.38],[-1.36,53.43],[-1.25,53.47],[-1.14,53.52],[-1.0,53.6],[-0.9,53.68],[-0.88,53.7] join]. w 2.0. Label "Don" tiny at (-1.2,53.56) → x=400,y=384? lat 53.56 → y=358.8. p [-1.2,53.56] x=400,y=358.8 rotate -25 size 10. Sheffield label below dot (378.4,394.5) spans ~355-402 — Don label at (400,359) clear. Add. River Calder (Yorks)? skip. River Rother (Yorks)? skip. Lincolnshire: River Ancholme? skip. River Ludd? skip. River Great Eau? skip. Midlands: River Dove (Derbyshire, Trent tributary)? skip. River Derwent (Derbys, through Derby): [[-1.75,53.3]? Matlock (-1.55,53.14)?,[-1.55,53.1],[-1.5,53.05],[-1.48,52.98],[-1.47,52.92] Derby,[-1.35,52.88],[-1.28,52.86] join Trent]. w 1.6 no label. Add — Derby area. River Tame (Birmingham→Trent): [[-2.05,52.5]? [-1.95,52.52],[-1.85,52.55],[-1.75,52.6],[-1.7,52.65],[-1.63,52.8]? joins near Alrewas (-1.72,52.73)?: points [[-1.98,52.5],[-1.85,52.55],[-1.75,52.62],[-1.7,52.7],[-1.66,52.78]] w1.4 no label. Hmm near Birmingham label (277-337 at 504)? Tame points y: (-1.98,52.5) x=337.6,y=502!! Birmingham label end 337 at y 504 — collision-ish. Skip Tame. River Anker? skip. River Sow? skip. River Blythe? skip. River Cole? skip. River Arrow? skip. River Stour (Worc, Stourbridge→Kidderminster→Severn): [[-2.15,52.45]? [-2.2,52.42],[-2.22,52.38]? joins at Stourport (-2.28,52.34): points [[-2.12,52.48],[-2.18,52.42],[-2.25,52.38],[-2.28,52.34]] w1.4. Near Severn label (312,500)? Stour points y: (-2.28,52.34) x=313.6,y=518.8. Severn label center (312,500) rotate 62 endpoints (296,532)-(328,468)?? length "River Severn" ~80px → ±40: (293,536)-(331,464). Endpoint (293,536)... Stour at (313.6,518.8) — near the label line! The label passes through (312,500)-(296,528) region; Stour mouth at (313.6,518.8) is ~15px from label center-line. Marginal. Skip Stour (Worc). River Leadon? skip. River Frome (Glos)? skip. Thames tributaries: River Kennet — drawn as canal (Kennet & Avon uses Kennet) — fine. River Cherwell (Oxford): [[-1.25,52.1]? Banbury (-1.34,52.06)?,[-1.3,52.0],[-1.28,51.9],[-1.26,51.85],[-1.26,51.75] Oxford join]. w1.6 no label. Hmm Oxford canal also Banbury→Oxford nearly same line — overlap! Skip Cherwell (canal represents it). River Windrush? skip. River Evenlode? skip. River Thame? skip. River Colne (London)? skip. River Lea (London): [[-0.05,51.8]? [-0.05,51.75],[-0.03,51.65],[-0.02,51.58],[-0.01,51.54],[0.0,51.51] join Thames at Leamouth (0.01,51.5)?]. w1.6, label? "Lea" tiny — London crowded. Add line, skip label. Points: [[-0.05,51.82],[-0.04,51.7],[-0.02,51.6],[0.0,51.54],[0.02,51.5]]. River Darent? skip. River Mole? skip. River Wey? skip. East: River Lark? skip. River Little Ouse? skip. River Wissey? skip. OK final feature set is rich. Total rivers ~45 polylines. Labels ~30 river/water + 18 cities + 2 countries + 4 sea + IoW. Also: legend mentions "Canal" — good. Edge check: Tweed ends at Berwick (336,69.4) — top edge. Graticule covers. Let me now write the final code. Data (lon/lat arrays) — assemble: const COAST = [ ... ] as listed above (I'll write full list). Let me finalize COAST list (from Berwick, clockwise): SCOT BORDER (8): [-2.00,55.77],[-2.18,55.68],[-2.35,55.55],[-2.50,55.42],[-2.62,55.28],[-2.78,55.13],[-2.95,55.05],[-3.06,54.99], WEST (to Chester): [-3.25,54.94],[-3.40,54.86],[-3.50,54.72],[-3.56,54.65],[-3.59,54.55],[-3.60,54.42],[-3.45,54.30],[-3.27,54.21],[-3.23,54.11],[-3.05,54.02],[-2.88,54.04],[-2.90,53.98],[-3.00,53.93],[-3.05,53.81],[-3.01,53.65],[-3.07,53.56],[-3.00,53.45],[-3.18,53.39],[-3.13,53.31],[-3.02,53.24],[-2.90,53.19], WALES BORDER (15): [-2.95,53.10],[-2.99,53.05],[-2.90,52.95],[-3.05,52.86],[-3.00,52.75],[-3.14,52.66],[-3.08,52.50],[-3.05,52.35],[-3.15,52.20],[-3.13,52.07],[-3.00,52.00],[-2.95,51.93],[-2.85,51.87],[-2.72,51.81],[-2.67,51.64], SEVERN + SW (to Land's End): [-2.72,51.50],[-2.86,51.45],[-2.98,51.35],[-3.02,51.25],[-3.13,51.21],[-3.35,51.20],[-3.47,51.21],[-3.70,51.21],[-3.90,51.22],[-4.12,51.21],[-4.24,51.05],[-4.53,51.02],[-4.55,50.83],[-4.72,50.68],[-4.90,50.60],[-5.08,50.42],[-5.30,50.30],[-5.48,50.21],[-5.66,50.08],[-5.72,50.07],[-5.65,50.03], SOUTH (to Kent): [-5.55,50.12],[-5.40,50.10],[-5.20,49.96],[-5.07,50.10],[-5.05,50.15],[-4.90,50.27],[-4.78,50.32],[-4.64,50.33],[-4.45,50.35],[-4.30,50.34],[-4.14,50.37],[-4.10,50.32],[-3.90,50.29],[-3.78,50.28],[-3.64,50.22],[-3.60,50.30],[-3.58,50.35],[-3.53,50.44],[-3.50,50.55],[-3.42,50.61],[-3.40,50.62],[-3.24,50.68],[-3.07,50.72],[-2.94,50.72],[-2.76,50.71],[-2.60,50.65],[-2.46,50.51],[-2.43,50.57],[-2.48,50.61],[-2.35,50.60],[-2.25,50.62],[-2.10,50.59],[-1.95,50.61],[-1.95,50.66],[-1.90,50.72],[-1.78,50.73],[-1.60,50.75],[-1.50,50.78],[-1.40,50.83],[-1.31,50.85],[-1.33,50.79],[-1.25,50.77],[-1.10,50.79],[-0.95,50.78],[-0.79,50.72],[-0.55,50.76],[-0.33,50.81],[-0.13,50.82],[0.05,50.77],[0.24,50.74],[0.40,50.79],[0.59,50.86],[0.74,50.95],[0.98,50.91],[1.05,50.99],[1.17,51.08],[1.32,51.13],[1.40,51.22],[1.44,51.37],[1.38,51.39],[1.20,51.38],[1.02,51.36],[0.76,51.44],[0.62,51.45],[0.50,51.42],[0.37,51.44], THAMES NORTH BANK: [0.36,51.47],[0.50,51.50],[0.62,51.52],[0.71,51.54],[0.85,51.60],[1.00,51.70],[1.15,51.79], EAST (to Wash): [1.29,51.94],[1.45,52.05],[1.60,52.15],[1.68,52.33],[1.75,52.48],[1.73,52.60],[1.62,52.72],[1.50,52.83],[1.30,52.93],[1.10,52.94],[0.95,52.96],[0.70,52.97],[0.49,52.95],[0.45,52.85], WASH: [0.39,52.75],[0.25,52.78],[0.10,52.87],[0.05,52.97],[0.15,53.05],[0.32,53.10],[0.34,53.15], LINCS + HUMBER: [0.30,53.25],[0.27,53.35],[0.15,53.45],[-0.05,53.56],[-0.08,53.57],[-0.20,53.62],[-0.32,53.66],[-0.45,53.68],[-0.55,53.70],[-0.69,53.70],[-0.60,53.72],[-0.50,53.73],[-0.42,53.73],[-0.33,53.74],[-0.20,53.72],[-0.05,53.68],[0.05,53.64],[0.15,53.58], YORKS + NE: [0.10,53.64],[0.02,53.72],[-0.08,53.83],[-0.17,53.91],[-0.19,54.02],[-0.19,54.08],[-0.08,54.12],[-0.20,54.18],[-0.29,54.21],[-0.40,54.28],[-0.50,54.38],[-0.60,54.48],[-0.75,54.55],[-0.90,54.58],[-1.05,54.60],[-1.15,54.63],[-1.18,54.67],[-1.20,54.69],[-1.28,54.78],[-1.35,54.85],[-1.38,54.90],[-1.37,54.96],[-1.42,55.00],[-1.47,55.07],[-1.50,55.12],[-1.55,55.20],[-1.58,55.33],[-1.60,55.42],[-1.61,55.50],[-1.65,55.58],[-1.70,55.62],[-1.78,55.68],[-1.90,55.72],[-2.00,55.77] Count ~180. ISLE_OF_WIGHT: [[-1.57,50.66],[-1.45,50.70],[-1.35,50.72],[-1.29,50.70],[-1.16,50.73],[-1.08,50.68],[-1.12,50.64],[-1.20,50.60],[-1.30,50.58],[-1.42,50.61],[-1.50,50.64]] RIVERS with widths (w): 1 Thames 3.0: [[-2.09,51.69],[-1.85,51.68],[-1.69,51.70],[-1.50,51.69],[-1.26,51.75],[-1.28,51.67],[-1.12,51.60],[-0.98,51.45],[-0.90,51.53],[-0.78,51.57],[-0.60,51.48],[-0.51,51.43],[-0.34,51.41],[-0.21,51.47],[-0.13,51.50],[0.02,51.50],[0.22,51.45],[0.37,51.44],[0.42,51.47]] 2 Lea 1.4: [[-0.05,51.82],[-0.04,51.70],[-0.02,51.60],[0.00,51.54],[0.02,51.50]] 3 Severn 3.0: [[-3.05,52.62],[-2.94,52.60],[-2.83,52.65],[-2.75,52.71],[-2.70,52.68],[-2.60,52.62],[-2.48,52.63],[-2.40,52.55],[-2.32,52.38],[-2.25,52.30],[-2.22,52.19],[-2.20,52.10],[-2.16,51.99],[-2.20,51.93],[-2.24,51.86],[-2.30,51.80],[-2.42,51.74],[-2.50,51.70],[-2.55,51.63],[-2.62,51.58],[-2.72,51.55],[-2.85,51.52]] 4 Wye 2.0: [[-2.95,52.06],[-2.85,52.04],[-2.71,52.06],[-2.62,52.00],[-2.58,51.91],[-2.65,51.85],[-2.71,51.81],[-2.68,51.72],[-2.67,51.64]] 5 Teme 1.4: [[-2.72,52.37],[-2.55,52.33],[-2.40,52.31],[-2.22,52.19]] 6 AvonWarwick 1.6: [[-1.71,52.19],[-1.85,52.13],[-1.95,52.09],[-2.05,52.02],[-2.16,51.99]] 7 AvonBristol 2.0: [[-2.28,51.54],[-2.12,51.46],[-2.20,51.42],[-2.25,51.35],[-2.36,51.38],[-2.50,51.42],[-2.59,51.45],[-2.63,51.47],[-2.72,51.50]] 8 Parrett 1.4: [[-2.90,50.92],[-2.95,51.00],[-2.98,51.10],[-3.00,51.13],[-3.03,51.22]] 9 Trent 3.0: [[-2.17,53.07],[-2.18,53.02],[-2.10,52.95],[-2.00,52.90],[-1.85,52.85],[-1.63,52.80],[-1.45,52.82],[-1.28,52.86],[-1.15,52.95],[-1.00,52.97],[-0.81,53.08],[-0.80,53.20],[-0.77,53.40],[-0.75,53.55],[-0.69,53.70]] 10 DerwentDerby 1.4: [[-1.60,53.13],[-1.52,53.05],[-1.48,52.98],[-1.47,52.92],[-1.38,52.88],[-1.28,52.86]] 11 Soar 1.6: [[-1.14,52.63],[-1.15,52.72],[-1.20,52.77],[-1.25,52.83],[-1.28,52.86]] 12 GreatOuse 3.0: [[-1.15,52.04],[-0.99,51.99],[-0.76,52.04],[-0.60,52.09],[-0.47,52.14],[-0.34,52.19],[-0.27,52.23],[-0.18,52.33],[-0.08,52.34],[0.03,52.35],[0.15,52.38],[0.26,52.40],[0.30,52.46],[0.34,52.52],[0.38,52.60],[0.39,52.68],[0.39,52.75]] 13 Cam 1.4: [[0.12,52.20],[0.15,52.28],[0.20,52.34],[0.26,52.40]] 14 Nene 2.0: [[-1.05,52.26],[-0.90,52.24],[-0.80,52.27],[-0.70,52.30],[-0.60,52.36],[-0.54,52.40],[-0.45,52.45],[-0.35,52.50],[-0.24,52.57],[-0.13,52.56],[0.00,52.55],[0.09,52.55],[0.16,52.66],[0.19,52.75],[0.20,52.85]] 15 Welland 1.6: [[-0.92,52.48],[-0.70,52.55],[-0.48,52.65],[-0.30,52.72],[-0.18,52.79],[-0.05,52.84],[0.00,52.88]] 16 Witham 2.0: [[-0.78,52.85],[-0.64,52.92],[-0.58,53.05],[-0.55,53.15],[-0.54,53.23],[-0.45,53.20],[-0.32,53.10],[-0.20,53.05],[-0.10,53.00],[-0.02,52.97],[0.05,52.90]] 17 OuseYork 3.0: [[-1.80,54.30],[-1.65,54.28],[-1.50,54.22],[-1.45,54.15],[-1.40,54.09],[-1.32,54.03],[-1.20,54.00],[-1.08,53.96],[-1.09,53.87],[-1.07,53.78],[-0.95,53.73],[-0.88,53.70],[-0.78,53.70],[-0.69,53.70]] 18 Swale 1.6: [[-1.95,54.40],[-1.85,54.38],[-1.74,54.40],[-1.60,54.37],[-1.50,54.30],[-1.45,54.20],[-1.43,54.12],[-1.40,54.09]] 19 Aire 2.2: [[-2.14,54.07],[-2.03,53.96],[-1.91,53.87],[-1.75,53.84],[-1.55,53.80],[-1.45,53.76],[-1.36,53.73],[-1.20,53.72],[-1.00,53.73],[-0.90,53.72]] 20 Wharfe 1.8: [[-2.00,54.00],[-1.82,53.93],[-1.60,53.91],[-1.45,53.90],[-1.26,53.88],[-1.13,53.83]] 21 Don 1.8: [[-1.47,53.38],[-1.36,53.43],[-1.25,53.47],[-1.14,53.52],[-1.00,53.60],[-0.90,53.68],[-0.88,53.70]] 22 Tyne 2.6: [[-2.15,54.95],[-2.10,54.97],[-1.90,54.96],[-1.75,54.95],[-1.61,54.97],[-1.50,54.98],[-1.42,55.00]] 23 NorthTyne 1.4: [[-2.35,55.10],[-2.20,55.05],[-2.10,54.97]] 24 SouthTyne 1.4: [[-2.35,54.90],[-2.25,54.92],[-2.10,54.97]] 25 Wear 2.0: [[-2.22,54.75],[-2.10,54.73],[-1.95,54.72],[-1.80,54.70],[-1.68,54.66],[-1.60,54.72],[-1.58,54.78],[-1.56,54.84],[-1.57,54.86],[-1.50,54.90],[-1.38,54.91]] 26 Tees 2.2: [[-2.45,54.65],[-2.30,54.62],[-2.08,54.63],[-1.92,54.54],[-1.75,54.50],[-1.55,54.52],[-1.45,54.50],[-1.35,54.51],[-1.32,54.57],[-1.23,54.57],[-1.18,54.60],[-1.15,54.63]] 27 Tweed 1.8: [[-2.55,55.58],[-2.40,55.60],[-2.25,55.65],[-2.10,55.70],[-2.00,55.77]] 28 Coquet 1.4: [[-2.10,55.32],[-2.00,55.32],[-1.85,55.33],[-1.70,55.34],[-1.58,55.33]] 29 Eden 2.2: [[-2.30,54.38],[-2.35,54.47],[-2.45,54.53],[-2.49,54.58],[-2.60,54.62],[-2.75,54.66],[-2.85,54.75],[-2.90,54.82],[-2.94,54.89],[-3.05,54.90],[-3.20,54.90],[-3.30,54.90]] 30 DerwentCumb 1.4: [[-3.20,54.60],[-3.25,54.62],[-3.35,54.64],[-3.45,54.65],[-3.56,54.65]] 31 Lune 1.8: [[-2.60,54.45],[-2.60,54.30],[-2.60,54.20],[-2.64,54.11],[-2.72,54.07],[-2.80,54.05],[-2.88,54.00],[-2.92,53.97]] 32 Kent 1.4: [[-2.72,54.38],[-2.75,54.30],[-2.80,54.22],[-2.85,54.18],[-2.88,54.12]] 33 Ribble 2.0: [[-2.30,54.18],[-2.28,54.07],[-2.32,54.00],[-2.35,53.95],[-2.39,53.87],[-2.50,53.82],[-2.60,53.78],[-2.70,53.76],[-2.80,53.75],[-2.92,53.73]] 34 Mersey 2.6: [[-2.16,53.41],[-2.25,53.42],[-2.35,53.41],[-2.42,53.44],[-2.52,53.42],[-2.60,53.39],[-2.70,53.36],[-2.76,53.34],[-2.85,53.36],[-2.92,53.38],[-2.97,53.42],[-3.02,53.47]] 35 Irwell 1.4: [[-2.30,53.50],[-2.24,53.48],[-2.32,53.48],[-2.38,53.46],[-2.42,53.44]] 36 Dee 1.6: [[-2.99,53.14],[-2.90,53.19],[-2.95,53.24],[-3.05,53.25],[-3.13,53.31]] 37 Taw 1.4: [[-3.90,50.68],[-3.83,50.80],[-3.90,50.92],[-4.00,51.00],[-4.06,51.08],[-4.15,51.06]] 38 Torridge 1.4: [[-4.30,50.92],[-4.22,50.95],[-4.18,51.00],[-4.15,51.06]] 39 Exe 2.0: [[-3.78,51.13],[-3.68,51.05],[-3.60,51.00],[-3.49,50.90],[-3.48,50.80],[-3.53,50.72],[-3.50,50.65],[-3.42,50.62]] 40 Tamar 2.0: [[-4.52,50.85],[-4.50,50.75],[-4.42,50.70],[-4.35,50.64],[-4.30,50.55],[-4.22,50.48],[-4.20,50.43],[-4.17,50.39]] 41 Dart 1.6: [[-3.95,50.58],[-3.85,50.53],[-3.78,50.48],[-3.72,50.43],[-3.65,50.38],[-3.58,50.35]] 42 StourDorset 1.6: [[-2.32,51.08],[-2.25,51.00],[-2.16,50.86],[-2.05,50.82],[-1.99,50.80],[-1.90,50.76],[-1.78,50.73]] 43 AvonHants 1.6: [[-1.80,51.07],[-1.78,51.00],[-1.79,50.93],[-1.80,50.85],[-1.78,50.76],[-1.78,50.73]] 44 Test 1.6: [[-1.26,51.24],[-1.35,51.18],[-1.46,51.11],[-1.50,50.99],[-1.48,50.93],[-1.42,50.88]] 45 Itchen 1.6: [[-1.15,51.09],[-1.31,51.06],[-1.32,50.98],[-1.35,50.92],[-1.37,50.90]] 46 Arun 1.4: [[-0.45,51.02],[-0.53,50.97],[-0.55,50.90],[-0.54,50.81]] 47 OuseSussex 1.4: [[-0.02,51.02],[0.00,50.95],[0.01,50.87],[0.04,50.80],[0.05,50.77]] 48 Medway 2.0: [[-0.05,51.10],[0.10,51.14],[0.27,51.20],[0.40,51.24],[0.52,51.27],[0.55,51.33],[0.50,51.39],[0.58,51.41],[0.74,51.44]] 49 StourKent 1.4: [[0.88,51.16],[1.00,51.24],[1.08,51.28],[1.20,51.28],[1.32,51.25],[1.40,51.30]] 50 Yare 1.6: [[0.85,52.58],[1.05,52.60],[1.20,52.62],[1.30,52.63],[1.45,52.62],[1.60,52.60],[1.73,52.60]] CANALS 1.4 dashed: C1 GrandUnion: [[-0.13,51.51],[-0.34,51.52],[-0.48,51.55],[-0.55,51.62],[-0.40,51.66]? wait Watford (-0.4,51.66) is NE of Uxbridge — canal actually goes Uxbridge→Watford NE. But my sequence London→Uxbridge→Watford: [-0.48,51.55]→[-0.4,51.66] fine. Hmm but earlier point [-0.55,51.62] (Kings Langley?) — reorder: London [-0.13,51.51],[-0.3,51.5],[-0.48,51.55] Uxbridge,[-0.45,51.6],[-0.4,51.66] Watford,[-0.55,51.7]?? no. Watford→Kings Langley (-0.46,51.72)? → Tring (-0.66,51.79). Points: [[-0.13,51.51],[-0.32,51.51],[-0.48,51.55],[-0.44,51.62],[-0.40,51.66],[-0.50,51.72],[-0.66,51.79],[-0.72,51.85],[-0.66,51.92],[-0.76,52.04],[-0.85,52.10],[-1.00,52.18],[-1.08,52.23],[-1.20,52.29],[-1.30,52.33],[-1.45,52.35],[-1.58,52.28],[-1.70,52.38],[-1.80,52.45],[-1.90,52.48]] C2 Oxford: [[-1.26,51.75],[-1.30,51.85],[-1.32,51.95],[-1.34,52.06],[-1.28,52.15],[-1.35,52.25],[-1.45,52.35],[-1.51,52.41]] C3 TrentMersey: [[-1.28,52.86],[-1.50,52.85],[-1.63,52.80],[-1.85,52.85],[-2.05,52.90],[-2.15,52.90],[-2.18,53.02],[-2.24,53.08],[-2.35,53.15],[-2.44,53.19],[-2.52,53.26],[-2.60,53.32],[-2.65,53.34],[-2.70,53.36]] C4 LeedsLiverpool: [[-1.55,53.80],[-1.70,53.85],[-1.82,53.93],[-1.95,53.97],[-2.03,53.96],[-2.10,53.90],[-2.18,53.84],[-2.24,53.79],[-2.35,53.77],[-2.48,53.75],[-2.55,53.70],[-2.60,53.62],[-2.63,53.55],[-2.70,53.50],[-2.80,53.45],[-2.90,53.43],[-2.97,53.42]] C5 KennetAvon: [[-0.98,51.45],[-1.15,51.42],[-1.32,51.40],[-1.52,51.41],[-1.70,51.42],[-1.85,51.38],[-2.00,51.35],[-2.15,51.36],[-2.30,51.37],[-2.36,51.38]] Now labels (final, lon/lat + rotate + size): riverLabels (fill #2e6da4, italic): Thames 13: [-0.75,51.60] r-5 → (436,614.7) Severn 12.5: [-2.30,52.48] r62 → (312,500.4) Trent 12.5: [-0.68,53.22] r-84 → (441.6,403.5) GreatOuse 12: [-0.52,52.20] r-28 → (454.4,536.9) text "Great Ouse" Nene 11: [-0.60,52.42] r-40 → (448,508.4) Witham 11: [-0.22,53.14] r33 → (478.4,413.3) Ouse(Yorks) 11.5: [-1.17,53.85] r82 → (402.4,324.5) text "Ouse" Ure 9.5: [-1.58,54.31] r12 → (369.6,260.5) Swale 9.5: [-1.62,54.46] r-8 → (366.4,241.3) Aire 11: [-1.83,53.90] r13 → (349.6,315.9) Wharfe 9.5: [-1.50,53.96] r8 → (376,306.5)?? earlier (-1.52,53.97)→(374.4,308.7). Use [-1.52,53.97]. Don 9.5: [-1.20,53.56] r-25 → (400,358.8) Tyne 11: [-1.93,54.92] r0 → (341.6,181.7) Wear 10.5: [-1.75,54.73] r-60 → (356,205.3) Tees 11: [-1.78,54.58] r4 → (353.6,226.6) Tweed 9.5: [-2.32,55.60] r-18 → (310.4,100.2)?? lat 55.60 → y=(0.7)131=91.7. x=(-2.32+6.2)80=310.4. p [-2.32,55.60] (310.4,91.7) r-18. SCOTLAND label (280,112.6) — clear. Eden 11: [-2.78,54.72] r-63 → (273.6,206.8) Lune 10: [-2.55,54.26] r65 → (292,267.2) Ribble 10: [-2.42,54.00] r72 → (302.4,302.6) Mersey 11: [-2.55,53.31] r-6 → (292,390.5) Dee 9.5: [-3.08,53.34] r-25 → (249.6,387.5) Wye 11: [-2.60,52.00] r60 → (288,563.4) Avon 10: [-2.13,51.50] r-15 → (325.6,632.2) Exe 10.5: [-3.43,50.80] r75 → (221.6,721.5) Tamar 10: [-4.34,50.58] r66 → (148.8,751.1) Dart 9.5: [-3.70,50.48] r45 → (200,762.4) Taw 9: [-3.92,50.94] r-70 → (182.4,701.9)?? lat 50.94 → y=(5.36)131=702.2. Hmm Taw river at (-3.9,50.92) x=184,y=707.7. Label p [-3.9,50.97] → x=184,y=698.8 r-70. OK. Medway 11: [0.36,51.33] r-18 → (524.8,651.1) Stour 9.5: [-2.08,50.90] r18 → (329.6,707.1) Humber 12: [-0.62,53.78] r-2 → (446.4,329.5) TheWash 10.5: [0.65,53.02] r0 → (548,430.2) text "The Wash" Yare 9: [1.48,52.66] r2 → (614.4,477)?? lat 52.66 → y=(3.64)131=476.8. Norwich label end (593,475.8) spans 548-593. Yare center 614.4 spans ~602-627 r2. Coast Yarmouth (634.4,484.7) — clear. OK. Parrett 9: [-2.88,51.02] r-70 → (265.6,693.1)?? lat 51.02 → y=(5.28)131=691.7. x=(-2.88+6.2)80=265.6. River at (-2.95,51.0) x=260,y=695.9. Label p [-2.87,51.03] (266.4,690.4) r-70. OK. seaLabels: NORTH SEA 13.5 ls5: [1.50,54.60] → (616,222.9) IRISH SEA 12 ls4: [-3.95,53.80] → (180,327.7) ENGLISH CHANNEL 12.5 ls4: [-1.50,50.18] → (376,801.4) BRISTOL CHANNEL 10 ls3: [-3.75,51.42] → (180,640.4) countryLabels: SCOTLAND 12 ls4: [-2.70,55.44] → (280,112.6) WALES 12 ls4: [-3.55,52.55] → (212,491.8) Isle of Wight 9 italic: [-1.32,50.55] → (390.4,753.3)?? lat 50.55 → y=(5.75)131=753.3. IoW polygon bottom ~749. Label at 753 — ON island bottom edge? island bottom y=749.3; label 753 just below — over sea. Good: p [-1.32,50.55] → (390.4,753.3) italic #2e6da4? It's an island (land) — label italic gray? Convention: island names often italic. Use #666? Hmm — make it italic #4a6a82 size 9. English Channel label at y ~790-802 — clear. cities (18): as above. Now verify a few more potential collisions: - "Yare" (614.4,477) vs "The Wash" (548,430.2): clear. - Norwich end (593,475.8): clear of Yare (602+). - Cambridge (512.6,541 start, spans 512-570): Ely/Gt Ouse at (517,511): clear. "The Wash" at (548,430): clear. - Witham label (478.4,413.3) r33 spans diagonal from ~(462,400) to (494,426): Nene mouth (0.2,52.85) x=512,y=454.7 — clear. Welland mouth (0,52.88) x=496,y=450.5 — near Witham label end (494,426)? 24px clear. - Don label (400,358.8) r-25 vs Sheffield label (378.4,394.5): clear. Trent label (441.6,403.5 vertical): clear. - Aire label (349.6,315.9) vs Leeds label (379,331): clear. Wharfe (374.4,308.7) vs York (416.6,309.6): Wharfe ends ~374+25=399 at y 308.7; York starts 416.6 — 17px gap OK. - Ure (369.6,260.5) vs Swale (366.4,241.3): 19px. OK. - Tweed (310.4,91.7) r-18 spans ~(288,99)-(332,84): SCOTLAND (280,112.6) spans ~240-320 — Tweed bottom 99 vs SCOTLAND top ~106 — 7px gap OK. - Coquet no label. - Eden (273.6,206.8) r-63: Carlisle (260.8,176.7 middle, spans 235-287): Eden top end ≈ (283.6,187.2): 8px below Carlisle label bottom (183)? Carlisle label y center 176.7, text spans ~169-179. Eden end at 187 — 8px. OK. - Lune (292,267.2) r65 vs Ribble (302.4,302.6) r72: clear. - Kent river no label; Morecambe Bay no label. - Mersey label (292,390.5) r-6 spans 271-313: Trent&Mersey canal endpoint (x(-2.7,53.36)=280,y=386.3) — canal dashes near label start. Halo helps. OK. - Dee label (249.6,387.5) r-25 spans ~(233,395)-(266,380): Liverpool label (256.8,367.4 middle spans ~230-284 at y 367): Dee top 380 vs Liverpool bottom ~370 — 10px. OK. - Parrett label (266.4,690.4): Bristol Channel label (180,640) spans 102-258 at y 640 — clear. Stour label (329.6,707.1) — clear. - Taw label (184,698.8) r-70: Torridge/Taw rivers x 160-190 y 690-740: label on river w/ halo OK. - Tamar (148.8,751.1) r66: spans ~(140,733)-(157,769): Plymouth label (164.8,790.6 spans 130-200): Tamar bottom 769 vs Plymouth top ~783 — OK. - Dart (200,762.4) r45 spans ~(190,752)-(210,772): Exmouth coast (222.4,744.4) clear; Plymouth label (130-200 at 790.6): Dart bottom 772 vs top 783 — 11px OK. Exeter label end (206.6,726 spans 168-207): Dart top 752 — clear. - Exe (221.6,721.5) r75 spans vertical x 218-225 y 703-740: Exeter label ends 207 — OK. Coast Exmouth (222.4,744.4): Exe label bottom 740 — 4px from coast point... halo. Acceptable. - Avon (325.6,632.2) r-15 spans ~305-346: Kennet&Avon canal at y~646: 14px below. Bristol label (288.8,629.2 spans 265-313): Avon starts 305 — 8px overlap zone at different y? Bristol baseline 629 top 619; Avon baseline 632 top 622 — SAME band, x overlap 305-313!! Collision risk. Move Avon label east: p [-2.05,51.52] → x=332,y=629.6 spans ~312-352 r-15. Bristol ends 313 — 1px... Move Bristol label anchor end dx -7: (281.8,633) spans ~245-282. Then Avon (312-352) clear of Bristol (245-282). But Bristol label end-anchor at (281.8,633): dot at (288.8,637.2); label left — Avonmouth coast (278.4,641.6) nearby, label above coast. OK. FINAL Bristol: dx -7 dy 0 anchor end → (281.8,641)? dot y 637.2 → label baseline ~640. dy 4. spans 245-282 at baseline 641, top 631. Avon label (312-352 at baseline 629.6?? recompute: p[-2.05,51.52] y=(56.3-51.52)131=626.1. spans y ~616-626. Clear of Bristol top 631. - Wye (288,563.4) r60 spans ~(278,543)-(298,583): Gloucester label (323.8,585.6 start spans 323-380): clear. Teme no label. Monmouth... fine. - Severn (312,500.4) r62 spans ~(293,535)-(331,466): Welsh border x at y 500: border lon at lat ~52.45: (-3.08,52.5) x=249.6 — clear. Birmingham label (337,504 end spans ~277-337)!! Severn label at (293-331, 466-535) overlaps Birmingham label region (277-337 at y ~497-507)!! The Severn label line passes (312,500) — directly through Birmingham label text zone!! Collision. Fix: move Birmingham label above dot: anchor middle (344,492.4) dy -8 → spans ~304-384 at y 492. Severn label top right end (331,466)... at y 492, Severn label x ≈ 306-318 (center 312 at 500, slope) — overlap x 304-318 possible!! Ugh. Move Severn label south along river: p [-2.28,52.34] → x=313.6,y=518.1?? that's near Stour... skip Stour so OK: label center (313.6,518.1) r62 spans ~(294,553)-(333,483). Birmingham label (304-384 at 485-500): overlap zone x 304-333 y 483-500 — Severn label passes through (320,500)-(333,483)!! STILL overlapping. Alternative: put Severn label on the WEST side of river: p [-2.4,52.4] → x=304,y=509.7 spans (285,544)-(323,475): Birmingham label spans 304-384 at y 485-500 → overlap at x 304-323, y 485-509!! STILL. Rethink: Birmingham dot (344,500.4). Label options: below dot (344,512.4 middle spans 304-384 at y ~505-515): Severn label at p[-2.3,52.48] (312,500.4) spans (293,535)-(331,466) — passes (312,500) region → overlap again!! Move Severn label NORTH along river near Ironbridge: p [-2.42,52.62] → x=302.4,y=479.9 r62 spans ~(283,514)-(321,445). Birmingham label below dot (304-384, 505-515): overlap x 304-321 at y 505-514!! Marginal corner touch (Severn label bottom-right corner (321,514) vs Birmingham label left end (304,505-515)) — corner overlap likely touches. Hmm. Choose Birmingham label RIGHT of dot: anchor start (351,504) spans 351-431 at y ~497-507. What's there? Coventry canal (Coventry (375.2,515.4))... Oxford canal endpoint Coventry (375.2,515.4) 11px below label — OK. GU canal passes (-1.8,52.45) x=352,y=510 → (-1.9,52.48) endpoint 344: label at y 497-507 vs canal points y 510 — grazes. Halo handles. And Severn label at (283-321, 445-514): clear of 351+. OK! FINAL: Birmingham label anchor start dx 7 dy 4 → (351,504.4). Severn label p [-2.42,52.62] → (302.4,479.9) r62. Check Severn label vs Ironbridge river point (297.6,480.8): label center (302,480) — 5px east of river. Good. And vs Trent&Mercy canal? canal at Stone (324,444.9) — clear. Derby Derwent (x(-1.6,53.13)=368,y=412.9...) clear. - Great Ouse label (454.4,536.9) r-28 spans ~(429,550)-(480,524): GU canal at MK (435.2,563.8)→(-0.85,52.1) x=428,y=551.3: canal passes (428,551) near label start (429,550)!! grazes. Halo OK. - Cam... fine. Also London halo over river fine. City dots: also add small dot for "Reading"? no. One more: Sheffield label below (378.4,394.5) middle spans ~355-402 at y ~388-398: Don river at Sheffield (378.4,382.5) → Rotherham (x(-1.36,53.43)=387.2,y=376) — label below dot, river goes NE — OK. Trent label vertical x 441.6 — clear. Nottingham label (404,431) spans 375-433: Trent river at Nottingham (404,439)?? point (-1.15,52.95) x=404,y=439.5 — label 8px above river. Soar joins at (393.6,451.6) clear. OK. Now — compass: translate(648,115). Check North Sea label (616,222.9 spans ~540-690): compass at 115 — clear. Graticule extent: lon lines -6,-5,...1 → x 16,96,176,256,336,416,496,576. lat lines 50..56 → y 825.4,694.2,563,431.8,300.6,169.4,38.2? compute: lat 56 → (0.3)*131=39.3; 55 → 170.3; 54 → 301.3; 53 → 432.3; 52 → 563.3; 51 → 694.3; 50 → 825.3. Draw from x 16..640? Just draw each line across full viewBox; they're under land, visible on sea. Also add subtle border rect. Frame: rect (-15,30) to (720,890)? viewBox "-25 20 745 880" → covers x -25..720, y 20..900. Frame rect: x -12, y 32, w 720, h 856 → to (708,888). Inset 4px second rect. Stroke #7f8fa0 / thinner. Hmm Lowestoft x 636; North Sea label to 690; frame at 708 OK. Compass at 648±25 → 673 OK. Title area: HTML handles it; SVG top y 20: coast min y 69 (Berwick); SCOTLAND 112; Tweed 91. Graticule top 39. Frame top 32. Good. Legend rect: (495,786) w 222 h 98 → (717,884) — frame inner edge 708!! Legend overlaps frame. Move legend: (480,784) w 220 h 96 → (700,880). Frame at 708 — OK 8px gap. But "ENGLISH CHANNEL" label spans 278-474 at y ~790-802: legend left edge 480 — 6px gap. OK. Legend internals (origin 480,784): - bg rect fill #fbf8f1 stroke #9aa7b2, opacity .95, rx 6. - "LEGEND" at (592,801) middle ls 3 size 10 fill #4a5a68. - Row1 y 820: river sample x 495-530: casing line w 5 #c9e0ef + core w 2.6 #3e7cb1; text "River" at 538 baseline 823 size 11 fill #333. - Row2 y 839: canal sample dashed #8aa5b5 w 1.8 dash 5 3; text "Canal". - Row3 y 858: border sample dashed #a39d8c w 1.5 dash 6 4; text "Country border". - Col2 x 600: city dot at (606,820) r 3 fill #2b2b2b stroke #fbf7ec; text "City" at 614 baseline 823. - Scale bar: y 858 col2: line (600,858)-(694,858) = 94px ≈ 80 km; ticks at 0, 47 (40), 94 (80): small vertical ticks h 4; labels "0" (600,850 middle), "40" (647,850), "80 km" (694+? put "80" middle 694 and "km" after?) simpler: labels below? Row3 col1 is border... Scale labels at y 872: "0" (600), "40" (647), "80 km" (700 end-anchor). Legend height 96 → bottom 880: ok y 872 inside. Hmm col1 rows at 820/839/858 and scale bar at 858 same row — col2 only, fine. Wait col1 row3 text "Country border" at 538 spans 538-610 — crosses col2 (600)! Shorten text "Border". OK: "Border". Scale: 94px = 80 km (at lat 53: 1.18 px/km → 80km=94.4px). Compass rose details: N ticks E/W: line (11,0)-(14,0) etc? add small: . Fine. Sea gradient: linearGradient id="sea" x1 0 y1 0 x2 0 y2 1: stops #d6e7f0, #c2dcea. Also subtle second radial highlight? skip. Land shadow: use coastline path with fill #000 opacity 0.06, transform translate(3,4). Then land fill. Also add slight coastline stroke: #8b9681 w 1.2. Borders: draw dashed lines ON TOP of land (after land fill): SCOT_BORDER & WALES_BORDER smooth paths. Rivers group after borders. Canals after rivers? Canals dashed thin — draw before rivers? Order: canals under rivers fine either way. I'll draw canals after rivers so dashes visible, but at junctions rivers cross... fine. Labels last. Halo via CSS: .lbl { paint-order: stroke; stroke: rgba(250,246,235,.9); stroke-width: 2.6px; stroke-linejoin: round; } City dots: fill #2b2b2b. Also add small river-mouth widening? skip — estuaries handled by coastline. Let me also double-check the coastline smoothing won't create weird self-intersections at estuary necks (Thames: Gravesend (0.37,51.44) → (0.36,51.47) → (0.5,51.5): tight turn; Catmull-Rom handles fine. Humber: Trent Falls (-0.69,53.7) → (-0.6,53.72): sharp U-turn; smoothing rounds it — OK. Dee: (-3.13,53.31) → (-3.02,53.24) → (-2.9,53.19) then border (-2.95,53.1): turn OK. One concern: the closed Catmull-Rom across the whole coast with ~180 points — fine. Also Wash: (0.45,52.85) → (0.39,52.75): fine. Now check viewBox bottom: Lizard y 830.5; legend 880; frame 888. viewBox "-25 20 745 878" → y 20..898. Height 878, width 745 → aspect 0.848. Card max-width 720px → map ~ 850px tall on desktop. OK. Actually let me reconsider: is 745 wide enough? Frame right 708 + margin 12 = 720 → viewBox right 720 ✓. Left: frame -12, margin → -25 ✓ (Land's End 38). Top: frame 32, margin → 20 ✓. Bottom: frame 888 + 10 → 898 ✓. Write CSS: body { margin:0; background:#e9edf1; font-family:'EB Garamond',Georgia,serif; color:#333; } .wrap { max-width:780px; margin:0 auto; padding:28px 16px 40px; } header { text-align:center; margin-bottom:18px; } h1 { font-size:34px; font-weight:600; color:#23405c; letter-spacing:.5px; margin:0 0 6px; } .sub { font-style:italic; color:#5d7a90; font-size:17px; margin:0; } .rule { width:220px; margin:14px auto 0; border-top:1px solid #b7c4ce; position:relative; } .rule::after { content:'◆'; position:absolute; top:-8px; left:50%; transform:translateX(-50%); color:#7fa0b8; font-size:10px; background:#e9edf1; padding:0 8px; } .map-card { background:#fdfcf8; border:1px solid #d5dde3; border-radius:10px; box-shadow:0 10px 30px rgba(35,64,92,.12); padding:14px; } svg { display:block; width:100%; height:auto; } footer { text-align:center; color:#8a97a3; font-size:12.5px; margin-top:14px; font-style:italic; } SVG text classes: .sea-lbl { fill:#5d8fb3; font-weight:500; } .river-lbl { fill:#2e6da4; font-style:italic; } .city-lbl { fill:#333; } .country-lbl { fill:#96917f; } .lbl { paint-order:stroke; stroke:rgba(251,247,236,.88); stroke-width:2.8; stroke-linejoin:round; } JS: build everything. Also numbers rounding. For halo on sea labels maybe stroke sea color? .lbl uses cream halo; over sea cream halo slightly visible but fine (like label knockouts on real maps). Let me write smoothClosed: function closedPath(p){ const n=p.length; const g=i=>p[(i%n+n)%n]; let d=`M${f(p[0][0])} ${f(p[0][1])}`; for(let i=0;iv.toFixed(1). Rivers: for each: el path d=openPath(pts) class river with stroke-width. Draw casing: one all paths stroke #c9e0ef w+1.8; then core group stroke #3e7cb1 w. Canals: stroke #7d99ab w 1.5 dash "5 3.2" opacity .95, plus no casing (or light casing 0.5?). Keep simple. Labels: text elements with x/y or transform rotate. For rotated labels: transform=`translate(${x} ${y}) rotate(${r})`, text-anchor middle, dominant-baseline central? Use dy .35em? I'll set attribute dy="0.35em" for vertical centering-ish. For rotated river labels, baseline central is better: dominant-baseline="middle". Hmm cross-browser: use dy="0.32em". Cities: dot circle + text with dx/dy and anchor. Also add tiny "estuary" blue for Thames mouth? Not needed. Finally, ensure the whole thing works without external JS libs — only Google Fonts link (allowed, include full link tag). If fonts blocked, Georgia serif fallback. One more check — "IRISH SEA" spans 108-252 at y 328: coast Southport (255.2,347.8), Formby (250.4,360.5): label end 252 at y 328 vs coast y 348+ — clear. Morecambe Bay label none. Fleetwood coast (x(-3.0,53.93)=256,y=310.5)!! At y 310, coast x 256 — label at y 328 spans to 252: the coast segment Fleetwood (256,310)→Blackpool (252,369.4): at y 328, coast x ≈ 255. Label end 252 < 255 — clear by 3px. Halo 2.8 — ok. "BRISTOL CHANNEL" (180,640.4) spans ~102-258: Severn mouth river end (268,646.9) — clear. Coast Minehead (218.4,666.8)?? at y 666 — label baseline 640, bottom ~644 — clear. Wales not drawn — good. Ilfracombe (166.4,667) clear. "WALES" (212,491.8) spans ~182-242: border x at lat 52.55 ≈ 249 — clear. Teme river at (-2.72,52.37) x=278.4 — clear. "SCOTLAND" (280,112.6) spans ~238-322: border at lat 55.44 → x: between (-2.5,55.42) x=296,y=115.5 and (-2.62,55.28) x=286.4,y=131.2 — border at y 112 near x 296. Label spans to 322 — crosses border?? Label y 112.6 baseline, top ~101, bottom ~116. Border at y 112: x≈297. Label text up to 322 → crosses border line into England side. Move label west/north: p [-2.95,55.5] → x=260,y=104.5 spans ~218-302... still crosses 297? At y 104.5, border x: between (-2.35,55.55) x=308,y=98.4 and (-2.5,55.42) x=296,y=115.5: at y 104.5 border x≈304. Label end 302 < 304 ✓ barely. Or center (255,100): spans 213-297. p [-3.0,55.54] → x=256,y=99.6. Border at y 99.6 x≈307.5 ✓ clear. SCOTLAND at (256,99.6) r 0. Tweed label (310.4,91.7) spans 288-332 r-18 at y ~85-99: SCOTLAND end 297 vs Tweed start 288 at similar y!! Overlap x 288-297, y: SCOTLAND baseline 99.6 top 88; Tweed label center (310.4,91.7) rotated -18 spans (289,99)-(332,84) approx — yes overlap zone (289-297, 88-99). Move Tweed label downstream-east: p [-2.18,55.66] → x=321.6,y=83.7 spans ~(300,91)-(343,76) r-18. SCOTLAND (213-297) clear ✓. Coast Berwick (336,69.4) — Tweed label end (343,76): near coast point? Coast from (-1.9,55.72) x=344,y=75.6 → Berwick (336,69.4): Tweed label end (343,76) — ON coast!! Tweed mouth at Berwick (336,69.4). Move label: p [-2.24,55.63] → x=316.8,y=87.5 r-15 spans ~(295,94)-(339,81): coast at y 87: segment (-2.1,55.7) x=328,y=78 → (-2.25,55.65) x=316,y=85.6 → hmm Tweed RIVER points: (-2.1,55.7) (328,78.3), (-2.25,55.65) (316,85.6), (-2.4,55.6) (304,92.1). The label center (316.8,87.5) sits right along the river (which is the point — river label). Border SCOTLAND line passes through? The border follows Tweed from ~(-2.62,55.28)? No — border leaves Tweed at (-2.55,55.42)?? Actually border: Cheviots then joins Tweed near (-2.9,55.55)?? My border points: [-2.95,55.05]... wait border ends at Gretna west; the EAST part: from Berwick the border goes SW along Tweed then south into Cheviots: points [-2.00,55.77],[-2.18,55.68],[-2.35,55.55],[-2.50,55.42]... So the border line overlaps the Tweed river region but my Tweed river points ([-2.55,55.58]→Berwick) and border points differ slightly — they'll render as two close lines. Real geography: Tweed's lower reach is fully in England (border leaves it near Carham). Fine—two lines acceptable. Tweed label at (316.8,87.5) r-15 spans ~(295,94)-(339,81): border point (-2.35,55.55) x=308,y=98.4 — near label bottom-left (295,94)? 6px — halo ok. Meh, acceptable. Also SCOTLAND label (256,99.6): N Tyne at (-2.35,55.1) x=308,y=156.8 — far. OK. Check Tyne branches vs SCOTLAND: fine. Also "Coquet" river no label ✓. Alright — also the map needs attribution-ish footer: "Schematic map · river courses stylised · not for navigation". Let me also add a subtle decorative "sea monster"/ship? A tiny ship silhouette in the Channel could be charming: skip, keep clean. Maybe a small ornamental compass is enough. Now write the code. I'll be careful with the label halo: define CSS in

Major Waterways of England

Principal rivers, estuaries & canals

Schematic map — river courses stylised for clarity · hover a river to see its name

``` Features included: - ~50 rivers — Thames, Severn, Trent, Great Ouse, Yorkshire Ouse, Tyne, Wear, Tees, Mersey, Eden, Exe, Tamar, Medway and many more, drawn with smooth Catmull-Rom curves and weighted by importance - 5 historic canals (dashed) — Grand Union, Oxford, Trent & Mersey, Leeds & Liverpool, Kennet & Avon - Estuaries shaped into the coastline — Thames, Humber, Severn, The Wash, Mersey, Dee, Solent and Morecambe Bay - 19 cities, dashed Scotland/Wales borders, the Isle of Wight, sea labels, graticule lines, compass rose, legend and a scale bar - Hovering over any river or canal shows its name in a tooltip The map is schematic — courses are smoothed for elegance rather than survey accuracy.

England's waterways